Unit 2 Test

Question 1

Why did ranchers see barbed wire as a threat?

Answer 1

Because it prevented the ranchers livestock from roaming

Question 2

Homestead Act

Answer 2

Law passed that allowed to claim up to 160 acres of land

Question 3

Dry Farming

Answer 3

Planting seeds deep in the ground , where there is enough moisture for them to grow

Question 4

Dawes Act

Answer 4

Dissolved reservations and allowed each household 160 acres of land for farming and granted citizenship for living 5 years on land

Question 5

Haciendas

Answer 5

Huge ranches that covered thousands of acres

Question 6

Killing of buffalo(why did the army encourage it?)

Answer 6

Buffalo was the Natives main source of food. Killing the buffalo forced them onto the reservations.

Question 7

Laissez- faire economics

Answer 7

“Let the people do as they choose”, state and federal governments kept taxes and spending low. They did not impose costly regulations on industry or try to control wages and prices.

Question 8

Congress and tariffs

Answer 8

High taxes on foreign goods, then people will buy cheaper goods

Question 9

Morrill Tariff (who was hurt most)

Answer 9

Bill passed through congress during Civil War that nearly tripled tariffs. Which then other countries raised their prices on good, this hurt American companies

Question 10

Government and transcontinental RR

Answer 10

Joined railroads at Promontory, Utah, 1774 miles of track was laid. Pacific Railway Act expanded the construction of railroads

Question 11

Vertical Integration

Answer 11

Combining of companies that supply equipment and services needed for a particular industry

Question 12

Horizontal Integration

Answer 12

Combining of many firms engaged in the same type of business into one corporation

Question 13

Deflation

Answer 13

Decline in the volume of available money or credit results in lower prices and increases the buying power of money

Question 14

Standardized Time Zones

Answer 14

A geographic region in which the same standard time is kept

Question 15

Credit Mobilier scandal

Answer 15

A construction company set up by several stockholders of the Union Pacific Railroad

Question 16

Monopoly

Answer 16

When a single company achieves control of an entire market

Question 17

Lockout

Answer 17

Workers formed unions, companies would lock workers out and refuse to pay them

Question 18

Gross National Product

Answer 18

The total value of goods and services produced by a country during a year

Question 19

How did employers view unions?

Answer 19

Thought they were trying to take over the government

Question 20

Why did unions oppose immigration?

Answer 20

They believed immigrants would work for low wages

Question 21

What effect did technology have on crop prices?

Answer 21

Caused prices to fall

Question 22

William “Boss” Tweed

Answer 22

Leader of Tammy Hall

Question 23

Social Gospel

Answer 23

Better conditions in the cities, biblical ideals of charity and justice

Question 24

Nativism

Answer 24

Hostility toward immigrants

Question 25

Political Machines

Answer 25

Informal Political group designed to gain and keep power

Question 26

Graft

Answer 26

Acquisition of money in dishonest ways, as in bribing a politician

Question 27

Individualism

Answer 27

The thought that no matter what a person’s background is he or she can still become successful

Question 28

Social Darwinism

Answer 28

States that humans have developed through competition and natural selection with only the strongest surviving, based on Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and natural selection

Question 29

Tammy Hall

Answer 29

A New York City Democratic Political machine, under the leadership of William “Boss” Tweed

Question 30

Why did Chinese immigrants come to the U.S.? What did they work on?

Answer 30

Chinese came to the U.S. to escape unemployment, poverty, and famine. They worked on the transcontinental RR

Question 31

Ellis Island and Angel Island

Answer 31

Ellis island is where European immigrants arrived at and Angel island is where Asian immigrants arrived.

Question 32

Andrew Carnegie

Answer 32

Poor immigrant, turned steel tycoon instituted vertical integration

Question 33

Karl Marx

Answer 33

Believed capitalism relied on class struggle and eventually workers would revolt and take over the government

Question 34

W.E.B DuBois vs. Booker T. Washington

Answer 34

Booker T. Washington: former slave who advocated for African Americans to prepare themselves educationally and vocationally for full equality
W.E.B. DuBois: Highly educated Northern African American who believed that African Americans should demand equal treatment and voting rights

Question 35

George Custer

Answer 35

Battle of Little Bighorn, government responded by sending lieutenant colonel to force natives back to reservation

Question 36

Henry Comstock

Answer 36

Discovered silver in Nevada

Question 37

Thomas Edison

Answer 37

Inventor with over 1000 patents including phonograph, lightbulb, generator, improved battery

Question 38

John D. Rockefeller

Answer 38

Business man who invested in oil refineries after the first oil well was dug in Pennsylvania. Instituted horizontal integration

Question 39

Alexander Granham Bell

Answer 39

Scottish immigrant who in 1874 invented the telephone

Question 40

Mark Twain

Answer 40

Incomparable American genius, author