Chapter 9-10 Terms

Question 0

What is the formula for Boyle’s law?

Answer 0

P1V1=P2V2

Question 1

What is to be used when measuring gases?

Answer 1

standard temperature and pressure (STP)

Question 2

What is the formula for Charles Law?

Answer 2

V1/ T1= V2/T2

Question 3

What is the formula for Guy’s-Lussac Law?

Answer 3

P1/T1=P2/T2

Question 4

What is the formula for the combined gas law?

Answer 4

(p1XV1)/T1= (P2XV2)/ T2

Question 5

the amount of substance contained in 6.022 × 1023 particles?

Answer 5

Mole

Question 6

6.022X10^23

Answer 6

Avogadro’s number (NA)

Question 7

The mass of one mole of any pure substance; expressed in grams per mole (g/mol)?

Answer 7

Molar mass

Question 8

show the types of atoms involved, the exact composition of each molecule, and the arrangement of chemical bonds. These formulas are informative, but they can also be difficult to draw and often take up large amounts of space.

Answer 8

Structural formulas

Question 9

show the types and numbers of atoms involved as they appear in the molecule. These formulas are more convenient than structural formulas, but they do not show the shapes of the molecules, the locations of the bonds, or the types of bonds present?

Answer 9

Molecular formula

Question 10

tell what elements are present and give the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound?

Answer 10

Empirical formula

Question 11

describes the mass composition of a compound by showing what percentage of its total mass comes from each element?

Answer 11

Percent composition

Question 12

says that the ratio of elements in a compound is constant for every particle in that compound?

Answer 12

Law of definite composition

Question 13

about the mathematical relationships between the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

Answer 13

Stoichiometry

Question 14

The ratio between the moles of one substance and the moles of another substance as indicated by the coefficients in the balanced equation; also the ratio between elements within a compound as indicated by the subscripts?

Answer 14

Mole ratio

Question 15

A reactant that is used up before the other reactants in a reaction, preventing more products from forming?

Answer 15

Limiting reactant

Question 16

A reactant remaining in its original unchanged state at the end of a reaction where a limiting reactant affected the yield of product?

Answer 16

Excess reactant

Question 17

the maximum amount of product that could be created from a given amount of reactant?

Answer 17

Theoretical yield

Question 18

The measured amount of product at the end of a reaction?

Answer 18

Actual yield

Question 19

the percentage of the theoretical yield that was actually produced?

Answer 19

Percent yield

Question 20

When a gas enters a vacuum or mixes with another gas, it spreads out to uniformly fill the entire volume over time?

Answer 20

Diffusion

Question 21

a related process in which gas particles pass through a tiny opening into an evacuated chamber or space?

Answer 21

Effusion

Question 22

states that the rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass?

Answer 22

Graham’s law of effusion

Question 23

The ability of a gas to mingle with or pass through another po- rous substance?

Answer 23

Permeability

Question 24

A substance that has the ability to flow and take the shape of its container; a liquid or a gas?

Answer 24

Fluid

Question 25

High pressures can squeeze gases into smaller volumes?

Answer 25

Compressibility

Question 26

When gases experience lower pressure, they quickly expand to fill the available space?

Answer 26

Expansibility

Question 27

is the average force exerted per unit area when molecules collide against a boundary?

Answer 27

Pressure

Question 28

Instrument used with to measure atmospheric pressure?

Answer 28

Barometer

Question 29

The pressure and the length of the column can be expressed in?

Answer 29

millimeters of mercury (mm Hg)

Question 30

the SI unit of pressure, defined as the pressure of one newton acting on an area of one square meter?

Answer 30

Pascal

Question 31

A law of gas behavior formulated by Gay-Lussac stating that, under equivalent conditions, the volumes of reacting gases and their gaseous products are expressed in ratios of small whole numbers?

Answer 31

Law of combining volumes

Question 32

A law of gas behavior stating that the volume of a gas, maintained at a constant temperature and pressure, is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas.

Answer 32

Avogadro’s law

Question 33

The volume that a mole of gas occupies if it is at standard temperature and pressure; 1 mole of gas at STP = 22.4 L?

Answer 33

Molar volume (of a gas)

Question 34

A hypothetical gas whose behavior is exactly predicted by the kinetic-molecular theory?

Answer 34

Ideal gas

Question 35

A law of gas behavior that relates pressure, volume, temperature, and amount for an ideal gas (PV = nRT)?

Answer 35

Ideal gas law

Question 36

The constant R in the ideal gas law (R = PV/nT ), whose value and units depend on the units used for P, V, n, and T?

Answer 36

universal gas constant (R)