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Pharm > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Propylthiouracil

A

inhib thyroid peroxidase and 5’-deiodinase

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2
Q

Methimazole

A

inhibits thyroid peroxidase

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3
Q

bromocriptine

A

Dopamine agonist

Tx for prolactinoma

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4
Q

Cabergoline

A

Dopamine agonist

Tx for prolactinoma

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5
Q

octreotide

A

somatostatin analog

Tx for acromegaly

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6
Q

pegvisomant

A

GH receptor antagonist

Tx for acromegaly

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7
Q

Demeclocycline

A

ADH antagonist
can cause secondary DI
can be used to Tx SIADH

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8
Q

Conivaptan

A

used to Tx SIADH

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9
Q

Tolvaptan

A

used to Tx SIADH

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10
Q

Lispro

A 
rapid-acting insulin analog
bind insulin tyrosine kinase receptor
inc glucose stored as glycogen in liver
inc glycogen, protein synthesis, and K+ uptake in muscle
inc TG storage in fat
used to Tx DM1, DM2, GDM
SE: hypoglycemia
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11
Q

Aspart

A 
rapid-acting insulin analog
bind insulin tyrosine kinase receptor
inc glucose stored as glycogen in liver
inc glycogen, protein synthesis, and K+ uptake in muscle
inc TG storage in fat
used to Tx DM1, DM2, GDM
SE: hypoglycemia
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12
Q

Glulisine

A 
rapid-acting insulin analog
bind insulin tyrosine kinase receptor
inc glucose stored as glycogen in liver
inc glycogen, protein synthesis, and K+ uptake in muscle
inc TG storage in fat
used to Tx DM1, DM2, GDM
SE: hypoglycemia
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13
Q

IV insulin

A

short-acting insulin
used to treat DM1, DM2, GDM, DKA
also used to Tx hyperK+ (+glucose) and stress hyperglycemia

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14
Q

NPH

A

interm acting insulin

used to Tx DM1, DM2, GDM

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15
Q

Glargine

A

Long acting insulin

used to Tx DM1, DM2, GDM (basal glucose control)

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16
Q

Detemir

A

Long acting insulin

used to Tx DM1, DM2, GDM (basal glucose control)

17
Q

Tolbutamide

A 
first generation sulfonylurea
close K+ channels --> beta-cell depolarization --> Ca++ influx --> insulin release
stim release of endog insulin in DM2
req some islet f(x) so useless in DM1
SE: hypoglycemia
disulfram-like effects
18
Q

Chlorpropamide

A 
first generation sulfonylurea
close K+ channels --> beta-cell depolarization --> Ca++ influx --> insulin release
stim release of endog insulin in DM2
req some islet f(x) so useless in DM1
SE: hypoglycemia
disulfram-like effects
19
Q

Glyburide

A 
second generation sulfonylurea
close K+ channels --> beta-cell depolarization --> Ca++ influx --> insulin release
stim release of endog insulin in DM2
req some islet f(x) so useless in DM1
SE: hypoglycemia
20
Q

Glimepiride

A 
second generation sulfonylurea
close K+ channels --> beta-cell depolarization --> Ca++ influx --> insulin release
stim release of endog insulin in DM2
req some islet f(x) so useless in DM1
SE: hypoglycemia
21
Q

Glipizide

A 
second generation sulfonylurea
close K+ channels --> beta-cell depolarization --> Ca++ influx --> insulin release
stim release of endog insulin in DM2
req some islet f(x) so useless in DM1
SE: hypoglycemia
22
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Thiazolidinedione
inc insulin sensitivity in periph tissues
binds PPAR-gamma nuclear xscrption regulator
stim secretion of adiponectin
use mono or in combo for DM2
SE: lb gain and edema
also can cause hepatotoxicity and heart failure

23
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Thiazolidinedione
inc insulin sensitivity in periph tissues
binds PPAR-gamma nuclear xscrption regulator
stim secretion of adiponectin
use mono or in combo for DM2
SE: lb gain and edema
also can cause hepatotoxicity and heart failure

24
Q

Acarbose

A 
alpha-glucosidase inhib
inhib enzyme in intestinal brush border
delayed sugar hydrolysis and glc absorption
dec postprandial hyperglycemia
mono or in combo for DM2
SE: GI disturbances
25
Q

Miglitol

A 
alpha-glucosidase inhib
inhib enzyme in intestinal brush border
delayed sugar hydrolysis and glc absorption
dec postprandial hyperglycemia
mono or in combo for DM2
SE: GI disturbances
26
Q

Pramlinitide

A 
amylin analog
dec gastric emptying 
dec glucagon
used in DM1 and DM2
SE: hypoglycemia, nausea, diarrhea
27
Q

Metformin

A 
biguanide
dec gluconeogenesis
inc glycolysis
inc peripheral glc uptake (inc insulin sensitivity)
used in DM2
can be used in pt without islet f(x)
SE: GI upset
LACTIC ACIDOSIS --> CI in pt with renal failure
28
Q

Exenatide

A 
GLP-1 analog
inc insulin
dec glucagon release
used to Tx DM2
SE: nausea, vom, diarrhea
29
Q

Liraglutide

A 
GLP-1 analog
inc insulin
dec glucagon release
used to Tx DM2
SE: nausea, vom, diarrhea
30
Q

Linagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhib
dec inactivation of GLP-1
used to Tx DM2
SE: mild urinary and resp inf

31
Q

Saxagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhib
dec inactivation of GLP-1
used to Tx DM2
SE: mild urinary and resp inf

32
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhib
dec inactivation of GLP-1
used to Tx DM2
SE: mild urinary and resp inf

Pharm (14 decks)

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