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My Gross Notes > Chapter 6 Upper Limbs > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Upper Limbs Flashcards

0
Q

Efficiency of hand function result bc of

A

Ability to place proper position by movements at the scapulothoracic, glenohumeral, elbow, radio-ulnar and wrist joints

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1
Q

What is the upper limb characterized by

A

It’s mobility and ability to grasp, strike and perform fine motor skills

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2
Q

Shoulders include

A

Deltoids
Pectoral
Scapular
Lateral cervical region

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3
Q

What is the superior appendicular skeleton

A

Pectoral girdle

Bones of the free part of the upper limb

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4
Q

Where does the superior appendicular skeleton articulate

A

Sternoclavicular joint allowing great mobility

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5
Q

What supports the pectoral girdle

A

Axio appendicular muscles which attach to the rib, sternum, and vertebrae of axial skeleton

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6
Q

What does the clavicle do

A

Connects upper limb to the trunk

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7
Q

The curvatures of the clavicle allow what

A

Increases the resilence

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8
Q

What does the clavicle do

A

Serves as a pivoting strut(rigid support) from which the scapula and free limbs are suspended
Forms one of the boundaries of the cervical-auxiliary canal
Transmits shocks from the upper limbs

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9
Q

Glenohumeral joint is composed

A

Lateral surface of the head of scapula has a glenoid cavity, which articulates with the head of humerus at the glenohumeral joint

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10
Q

Humerus is what type of bone

A

Largest bone in the upper limb

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11
Q

What separates the lesser tubercle from the greater tubercle

A

Inter tubercle sulcus

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12
Q

What separates the heads from the tubercle

A

Anatomical neck of the humerus

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13
Q

Pectoral fascia does what

A

Invest the pectoralis major and is continuously inferiority with the fascia of the anterior abdominal wall

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14
Q

What does the axillary fascia form

A

Forms the floor of the axilla

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15
Q

Claivipectoral fascia does what

A

Descends from the clavicle, enclosing the subclavius and then the pectoralis minor becoming continuously inferiorly with the axillary fascia

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16
Q

the clavipectoral fascia has what membrane between the pectoralis minor and subclavius

A

Costocoracoid membrane

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17
Q

Lateral pectoral nerve supplies what

A

Pectoralis major

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18
Q

What does the suspensory ligament of axilla do

A

Supports the axillary fascia and pulls it and the skin inferior to it upward during abduction of the arm, forming the axillary fossa

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19
Q

Deltoid fascia invest what

A

Deltoid and is continuos with the pectoral fascia anterior lay

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20
Q

Brachial fascia does what

A

A sheath of deep fascia, encloses the arm

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21
Q

Where does the brachial fascia attach

A

Inferiorly to the epicondyles of the humerus and the olecranon of the ulna

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22
Q

The two inter muscular septa, the medial and lateral inter muscular septa divide the arm into what

A

Anterior( flexor) and posterior (extensor)fascia compartments

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23
Q

Antebrachial fascia is separated by

A

In the forearm and separated by Interosseous membrane

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24
Q

Extensor retinaculum is formed by

A

The antebrachial fascia of the distal end of the radius and ulna to form a transverse band

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25
Q

What holds the extensor tendons in position

A

Extensor retinaculum

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26
Q

Flexor retinaculum continuous from

A

Antebrachial fascia

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27
Q

Where do the flexor tendons and median nerve pass

A

Carpal tunnel

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28
Q

Palmar fascia is what

A

The deep fascia of the upper limb after the extensor and flexor retinacula

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29
Q

The palmar aponeurosis is what

A

Central part of palmar fascia

Is thick, tendinous and triangular

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30
Q

What forms the base of the palmar aponeurosis

A

Superficial transverse metacarpal ligaments

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31
Q

What are superficial transverse metacarpal ligament

A

Strong skin ligaments, holding the palmar skin close to the aponeurosis

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32
Q

Where are most cutaneous nerves of the upper limb are derived from

A

Brachial plexuses (c5-t1)

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33
Q

Cutaneous nerves from the shoulder derived from the

A

Cervical plexuses

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34
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of arm (C5-C8)

A

A branch of the radial nerve, supplies posterior surface skin of arm

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35
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm (C5-C8)

A

A branch of radial nerve

Supplies the skin of posterior forearm

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36
Q

Superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm (C5-C6)

A

Terminal branch of axillary

Supplies the skin over the lower part of deltoid and on lateral side of the midarm

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37
Q

Inferior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm (C5-C6)

A

Branch of radial nerve

Supplies the skin over the infero laterally aspect of arm

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38
Q

Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm (c6-c7)

A

Branch of musculocutaneous nerve

Supplies lateral side of forearm

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39
Q

Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm (C8-T1)

A

Arises from medial cord of the brachial plexus

Supplies skin on medial side of the arm

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40
Q

Intercostobrachial nerve (T2)

A

Branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve

Supplies the Innervation of the skin on the medial surface of the arm

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41
Q

Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm (C8-T1)

A

Arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus

Supplies the skin on the anterior and medial surfaces of forearm

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42
Q

Acronym for rotatores cuff

A 
SITS
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
There's minor
Subscapularis
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43
Q

The boundaries of the axilla

A

pyramidal space inferior to the glenohumeral joint and superior to the skin and axillary fascia

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44
Q

what does the axilla provides a passageway for what

A

vessels and nerves going to and from the upper

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45
Q

what is the apex of the axilla

A

the cervico-axillary canal

passageway between the neck and axilla

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46
Q

where is the cervico-axillary canal bounded to

A

first rib
clavicle
superior edge of scapula

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47
Q

another name for the base of the axilla is

A

armpit and axillary fossa

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48
Q

what is the anterior wall of the axilla formed by

A

major and minor pectoralis

clavipecctoral fascia

49
Q

what is the anterior axillary fold

A

inferiormost part of the anterior wall

50
Q

what the posterior wall of the axilla formed by

A

scapula
subscapularis on its anterior surface
and inferiorly by the teres major

51
Q

where is the posterior axillary fold

A

inferiormost part of the posterior wall that may be grasped

52
Q

lateral wall of the axilla is made by

A

intertubercular sulcus of humerus

53
Q

medial wall of axilla is formed by

A

thoracic wall and serratus anterior

54
Q

What does the axillary artery continues as

A

Subclavian artery

55
Q

where does the axillary artery begin and end

A

begins at the first rib and ends at the inferior border of the teres major

56
Q

where is the axillary vein

A

initially on the anterior medial side of the axillary artery

57
Q

what forms the axillary vein

A

union of the accompanying brachial vein and basilic vein

58
Q

where does the axillary vein end

A

first rib where it becomes subclavian vein

59
Q

internal thoracic artery origin

A

inferior surface of the subclavian artery

60
Q

the course of the internal thoracic

A

branches off to posterior end of sternal end of clavicle and enters thoracic

61
Q

thyrocervial trunk artery origin

A

anterior surface of subclavian artery

62
Q

subclavian artery gives rise to

A

internal thoracic artery

thyrocervical trunk

63
Q

course of thyrocervical trunk

A

gives rise to inferior thyroid artery and cervicodorsa trunk
cervicodorsal give rise to suprascapular and dorsal scapular arteries

64
Q

suprascapular artery origin

A

thyrocervial trunk

65
Q

passage of suprascapular artery

A

crossing anterior scalene muscle, phrenic nerve, subclavian artery and brachial plexus

66
Q

axillary artery breaks into three components

A

first, second and third part

67
Q

what is the first part of the axillary artery

A

superior thoracic

68
Q

superior thoracic artery course

A

pectoralis minor and passes between it and pectoralis major

supplies the 1st and 2nd intercostal space and superior part of serratus anterior

69
Q

second part of the axillary artery contain

A

thoraco-acromial

lateral thoracic

70
Q

course of thoraco-acromial

A

pectoralis minor
pierces cotocoracoid membrane
breaks into four branches: pectoral, deltoid, acromial and clavicular

71
Q

lateral thoracic (axillary artery)

A

pectoralis minor

supplies lateral aspect of breast

72
Q

third part of axillary contains

A

circumflex (anterior an posterior)

subscapular artery

73
Q

course of anterior and posterior circumflex humeral artery

A

encircles surgical neck of humerus

74
Q

course of subscapular artery

A

on the scapula and breaks into

circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal arteries

75
Q

ciircumflex scapular ( subscapular artery) course

A

infrasipinous fossa and anastomosing with supracapular artery

76
Q

thoracodorsal (subscapular artery) course

A

enter the apex of latts

77
Q

brachial artery breaks into three arteries

A

profunda brachii artery

superior and inferior ulnar collateral artery

78
Q

profunda brachii artery origin and course

A

origin; near middle of arm

course: supplyingg posterior compartment of arm and participates in the elbow joint

79
Q

anterior ulnar collateral (brachial artery) origin and passage

A

near middle of arm

course: accompanies ulnar nerves to posterior aspect of elbow

80
Q

inferior ulnar collateral ( brachial artery) origin and course

A

origin superior to medial epicondyle of humerus

course: with anterior ulnar recurrent artery

81
Q

The boundaries of the axilla

A

pyramidal space inferior to the glenohumeral joint and superior to the skin and axillary fascia

82
Q

what does the axilla provides a passageway for what

A

vessels and nerves going to and from the upper

83
Q

what is the apex of the axilla

A

the cervico-axillary canal

passageway between the neck and axilla

84
Q

where is the cervico-axillary canal bounded to

A

first rib
clavicle
superior edge of scapula

85
Q

another name for the base of the axilla is

A

armpit and axillary fossa

86
Q

what is the anterior wall of the axilla formed by

A

major and minor pectoralis

clavipecctoral fascia

87
Q

what is the anterior axillary fold

A

inferiormost part of the anterior wall

88
Q

what the posterior wall of the axilla formed by

A

scapula
subscapularis on its anterior surface
and inferiorly by the teres major

89
Q

where is the posterior axillary fold

A

inferiormost part of the posterior wall that may be grasped

90
Q

lateral wall of the axilla is made by

A

intertubercular sulcus of humerus

91
Q

medial wall of axilla is formed by

A

thoracic wall and serratus anterior

92
Q

What does the axillary artery continues as

A

Subclavian artery

93
Q

where does the axillary artery begin and end

A

begins at the first rib and ends at the inferior border of the teres major

94
Q

where is the axillary vein

A

initially on the anterior medial side of the axillary artery

95
Q

what forms the axillary vein

A

union of the accompanying brachial vein and basilic vein

96
Q

where does the axillary vein end

A

first rib where it becomes subclavian vein

97
Q

internal thoracic artery origin

A

inferior surface of the subclavian artery

98
Q

the course of the internal thoracic

A

branches off to posterior end of sternal end of clavicle and enters thoracic

99
Q

thyrocervial trunk artery origin

A

anterior surface of subclavian artery

100
Q

subclavian artery gives rise to

Acronym SIT

A

internal thoracic artery

thyrocervical trunk

101
Q

course of thyrocervical trunk

A

gives rise to inferior thyroid artery and cervicodorsa trunk
cervicodorsal give rise to suprascapular and dorsal scapular arteries

102
Q

suprascapular artery origin

A

thyrocervial trunk

103
Q

passage of suprascapular artery

A

crossing anterior scalene muscle, phrenic nerve, subclavian artery and brachial plexus

104
Q

axillary artery breaks into three components

A

first, second and third part

Acronym ST LAPS

105
Q

what is the first part of the axillary artery

A

superior thoracic

106
Q

superior thoracic artery course

A

pectoralis minor and passes between it and pectoralis major

supplies the 1st and 2nd intercostal space and superior part of serratus anterior

107
Q

second part of the axillary artery contain

A

thoraco-acromial

lateral thoracic

108
Q

course of thoraco-acromial

A

pectoralis minor
pierces cotocoracoid membrane
breaks into four branches: pectoral, deltoid, acromial and clavicular

109
Q

lateral thoracic (axillary artery)

A

pectoralis minor

supplies lateral aspect of breast

110
Q

third part of axillary contains

A

circumflex (anterior an posterior)

subscapular artery

111
Q

course of anterior and posterior circumflex humeral artery

A

encircles surgical neck of humerus

112
Q

course of subscapular artery

A

on the scapula and breaks into

circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal arteries

113
Q

ciircumflex scapular ( subscapular artery) course

A

infrasipinous fossa and anastomosing with supracapular artery

114
Q

thoracodorsal (subscapular artery) course

A

enter the apex of latts

115
Q

brachial artery breaks into three arteries

A

profunda brachii artery

superior and inferior ulnar collateral artery

116
Q

profunda brachii artery origin and course

A

origin; near middle of arm

course: supplyingg posterior compartment of arm and participates in the elbow joint

117
Q

anterior ulnar collateral (brachial artery) origin and passage

A

near middle of arm

course: accompanies ulnar nerves to posterior aspect of elbow

118
Q

inferior ulnar collateral ( brachial artery) origin and course

A

origin superior to medial epicondyle of humerus

course: with anterior ulnar recurrent artery

119
Q

Boundaries of triangular space

A

Content circumflex scapular artery
Inferior: teres major
Superior: teres minor
Lateral: long head of tricep

120
Q

Tricep hiatus boundaries

A

Content: deep artery, radial nerve
Superior: teres major
Medial: long head of tricep
Lateral: humerus

121
Q

Quadrangular space:

A

Teres minor:superior
Humerus:lateral
Teres major: inferiorly
Long head of triceps : medially

My Gross Notes (12 decks)

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