Alcohol

Question 1

consequences of ethanol metabolism

Answer 1

• decreased NAD+
• increased acetaldehyde–>protein adducts that are immunogenic
• decreased glutathione (GSH)

Question 2

triad of symptoms in fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 2

retarded body growth, facial abnormalities, and CNS dysfunction

Question 3

drug that reduces urge to drink, mechanism

Answer 3

• naltrexone

- opioid receptor antagonist

Question 4

drug that decreases drinking frequency and reduces relapse

Answer 4

• acamprosate

- GABA mimetic

Question 5

enzyme responsible for ethanol metabolism, coenzyme required, and what it converts ethanol to

Answer 5

alcohol dehydrogenase, NAD+, acetaldehyde

Question 6

enzyme increased in alcoholics that can metabolize ethanol, coenzyme required, and what it converts ethanol to

Answer 6

CYP2E1, NADP+, acetaldehyde

Question 7

enzyme responsible for acetaldehyde metabolism, coenzyme required, and what it converts acetaldehyde to

Answer 7

aldehyde dehydrogenase, NAD+, acetic acid

Question 8

goals of management of acute alcohol intoxication

Answer 8

prevent respiratory depression and aspiration of vomitus