Anatomy And Physiology Of The Circulatory System Flashcards
What are the four major functions of blood?
1) Transportation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, hormones and cells 2) regulation of Ph, temperature, and osmotic pressure, 3) protection against foreign substances, 4) prevention of excessive blood loss through the mechanism of clotting.
The network of vessels with the smallest diameter
Capillaries
What is the pericardium?
The outermost layer that surrounds the heart.
Which side of the heart collects deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation?
The right side.
Which side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation?
The left side.
Explain the difference between arteries and veins?
Arteries and arterioles carry blood away from the heart. Veins and venules carry blood to the heart.
What are the four chambers of the heart?
The right and left atria, and the right and left ventricles.
Which chamber pumps blood out of the heart through the pulmonary trunk?
The right ventricle.
Which chamber pumps blood through the aorta to all the tissues of the body?
The left ventricle.
Which layer of the heart is the thickest?
The myocardium.
Name the three layers that make up the wall of the heart?
Endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium.
What is considered a normal adult heart rate?
60-100 beats per minute.
What is the normal blood volume for most adults?
5 liters.
Explain what systole is.
Systole is the time of contraction and ejection of blood from the ventricles.
Explain what diastole is.
Diastole is when the ventricles relax and fill with blood that travels from the atria.
