Synaptic Transmission

Question 0

How are NT stored?

Answer 0

In synaptic vesicles

Question 1

What are the two types of synaptic vesicles?

Answer 1

Small clear (40-60nm) and large dense (90-250nm)

Question 2

What are the differences between chemical and electrical NT?

Answer 2

Electrical- quicker and less flexible, 3.5nm.

Chemical- slower, more flexible, delay of 3-5ms, uses a NT, unidirectional, 30-50nm.

Question 3

Why does synaptic release occur?

Answer 3

Due to increase in intracellular calcium

Question 4

How it the NT removed from the synaptic cleft?

Answer 4

Either by breakdown, reuptake into the terminal or it diffuses away

Question 5

Where are amino acids, amine and peptide NT formed?

Answer 5

Amino acids and amines in the axon terminal but peptides are formed in the soma and transported to the terminal via axoplasmic transport

Question 6

What is electrical transmission?

Answer 6

Direct flow of ions form one neurone to another, hence the direct influence of electric current from one to another.

Question 7

Describe a gap junction?

Answer 7

Two very close membranes which have a hemichannel for transmission. 3.5nm gap and a brief 0.1ms delay, they are modulated by pH, NT and the concentration of calcium

Question 8

Describe chemical neurotransmission?

Answer 8

NT substance is released from pre-synaptic cell, it diffuses across the cleft and effects the post-synaptic cell.

Question 9

What are the 2 SNARE proteins and what do they do?

Answer 9

Synaptobreuin- binds with SNAP -25 on the membrane

Synaptotagmin- is a calcium sensor

Question 10

What are the two types of post-synaptic receptors?

Answer 10

Metabotropic and ionotropic