Relationships - Formation

Question 1

Theories on formation of relationships?

Answer 1

Reward/need satisfaction theory

Similarity Theory

Question 2

Reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 2

Byrne and Clore

Question 3

Byrne and clore?

Answer 3

reward/need satisfaction theory

Question 4

Byrne, clore and smeaton?

Answer 4

similarity theory

Question 5

similarity theory?

Answer 5

byrne, clore and smeaton

Question 6

basic belief of reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 6

formation due to self interest - we seek those who meet our needs and so reward us

Question 7

research on classical conditioning?

Answer 7

veitch and griffith

Question 8

veitch and griffith?

Answer 8

people rated a stranger more positively after a radio programme of good news

Question 9

strengths of reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 9

support for OC and CC

Question 10

weaknesses of reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 10

cultural bias
reductionist
incomplete

Question 11

cultural bias in reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 11

Lott

Question 12

Lott?

Answer 12

women are more focussed on the needs of others rather than their own in some cultures

Question 13

Support for CC in reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 13

May and Hamilton

Question 14

May and Hamilton?

Answer 14

Females rated males as more attractive while nice music was playing

Question 15

Support for OC in reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 15

Cate et al

Question 16

Cate et al?

Answer 16

reward level was superior to all other factors in determining relationship satisfaction

Question 17

Reductionism in reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 17

Aron et al

Question 18

Aron et al?

Answer 18

found a brain reward system which drove our ancestors to focus their courtship energy

Question 19

Incompleteness in reward/need satisfaction theory?

Answer 19

Hays

Question 20

Hays?

Answer 20

We gain satisfaction from giving rewards

Question 21

Relationship between reward/need satisfaction theory and similarity theory?

Answer 21

Similarity is an extension of reward/need, as similarity is a reward within itself

Question 22

Aspects of similarity?

Answer 22

Personality and attitudes

Question 23

Research on personality?

Answer 23

Berscheid and Reis

Question 24

Berscheid and Reis?

Answer 24

More likely to be attracted to similar traits than dissimilar or complementary

Question 25

Caspi and Herbener?

Answer 25

Similar personalities = happy, LT relationships

Question 26

What happens to attitudes in similarity theory?

Answer 26

Process of ‘attitude alignment’ in successful relationships

Question 27

Strengths of similarity theory?

Answer 27

Support for attitudes and AA

Question 28

Weaknesses of similarity theory?

Answer 28

Narrow focus

Ignores importance of dissimilarity

Question 29

Supporting research for similarity theory?

Answer 29

Sprecher

Question 30

Sprecher?

Answer 30

LT relationships more likely in those who matched in physical attractiveness, social background and interests

Question 31

Supporting research for attitude alignment?

Answer 31

Gruber-Baldini et al

Question 32

Gruber-Baldini et al?

Answer 32

Longitudinal study over 21 years found that those who were similar at the start were more likely to stay together and become similar in attitudes

Question 33

Narrow focus in similarity theory?

Answer 33

Yoshshida

Question 34

Yoshida?

Answer 34

Other factors (e.g. self-concept, economic level, physical condition) are just as important

Question 35

Speakman et al?

Answer 35

Similar levels of body fat

Question 36

Research on importance of dissimilarity?

Answer 36

Drigotas

Question 37

Drigotas?

Answer 37

Similarity is more important at first, but this changes as the couple get to know each other

Question 38

Rosenbaum?

Answer 38

Dissimilarity-repulsion hypothesis

Question 39

Dissimilarity-repulsion hypothesis?

Answer 39

Rosenbaum