2.4 Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What are the 4 types of formulas?

Answer 1

1. Molecular formula
2. Structural formula
3. Displayed formula
4. Skeletal formula

Question 2

Explain molecular formula

Answer 2

Shows atoms and how many of each

Question 3

Explain structural formula

Answer 3

Shows atoms, how many of each, and how it’s connected

Question 4

Explain displayed formula

Answer 4

Shows clearly which atoms present, how they arranged and all bonds

Question 5

Explain skeletal formula

Answer 5

Uses zig-zag lines representing carbon chain

Question 6

What code name for 1 carbon?

Answer 6

Meth…

Question 7

What code name for 2 carbons?

Answer 7

Eth…

Question 8

What code name for 3 carbons?

Answer 8

Prop…

Question 9

What code name for 4 carbons?

Answer 9

But…

Question 10

What code name for 5 carbons?

Answer 10

Pent…

Question 11

What code name for 7 carbons?

Answer 11

Hept…

Question 12

What code name for 9 carbons?

Answer 12

Non…

Question 13

If the functional group has a double bond, what the suffix?

Answer 13

ene…

e.g.
Methene

Question 14

If the functional group has chlorine, what the prefix?

Answer 14

Chloro

e.g.
1-chloro-butane

Question 15

If the functional group has bromine, what the prefix?

Answer 15

Bromo

e.g.
1-bromo-butane

Question 16

If the functional group has fluorine, what the prefix?

Answer 16

Fluoro

e.g.
1-fluoro-butane

Question 17

If the functional group has iodine, what the prefix?

Answer 17

Iodo

e.g.
1-iodo-butane

Question 18

If the functional group has amine (NH2), what both prefix & suffix?

Answer 18

P: Amino e.g. 1-amino-butane?
S: amine e.g. but-1-amine

Question 19

If the functional group has hydroxyl (OH), what prefix & suffix?

Answer 19

P: Hydroxy e.g. i dunno
S: ol e.g. butanol

Question 20

If the functional group has Carbonyl: Aldehyde/Ketone (C=O, double bond), what’s the suffix?

Answer 20

al/one

e.g.
butanal
propone

Question 21

If the functional group has carboxyl (O=C-OH, mainly has hydroxyl and double bond with oxygen), what’s the suffix?

Answer 21

oic acid

e.g.
Ethanoic acid

Question 22

If the functional group has nitrile (R-C≡N, ig the main thing is C≡N), what’s both prefix and suffix?

Answer 22

P: Cyano e.g. Cyano-1-Butane?
S: nitrile e.g. Butanol nitrile?

Question 23

Tho what’s the structure and prefix for Methyl?

Answer 23

CH3, is just methyl

Question 24

And structure and prefix for Ethyl?

Answer 24

Ch2CH3, is literally just ethyl

Question 25

One sentence for alkanes?

Answer 25

Saturated hydrocarbons

Question 26

One sentence for alkenes?

Answer 26

Functional group C=C

Question 27

One sentence for alcohols?

Answer 27

Functional group -OH

Question 28

One sentence for halogenoalkanes?

Answer 28

Functional group -F, -Cl, -Br, -I

Question 29

One sentence for carboxylic acids?

Answer 29

Functional group -COOH

Question 30

General formula for alkane?

Answer 30

CnH2n+2 e.g. C20H42

Question 31

General formula for alkene?

Answer 31

CnH2n e.g. C25H50

Question 32

General formula for alcohol?

Answer 32

CnH2n+1OH e.g. C66H133OH

Question 33

General formula for halogenoalkane?

Answer 33

CnH2n+1X e.g. C66H133F/Cl/Br/I

Question 34

General formula for carboxylic acid?

Answer 34

CnH2n+1COOH e.g. C66H133COOH

Question 35

Definition for isomers? **fr not playing**

Answer 35

**Compounds having the same molecular formulae, but different structural formulae** - i.e. a different arrangement of atoms in space

Question 36

What are the 3 different types of isomerism?

Answer 36

1. Chain isomerism 2. Positional isomerism 3. Functional group isomerism

Question 37

What's the difference for chain isomerism?

Answer 37

Ya got straight chain CH3CH2CH2CH3 and ya got branched chain CH3CH(CH3)CH3

Question 38

What's the difference for positional isomerism?

Answer 38

Ya got 1-bromopropane CH3CH2CH2Br and ya got 2-bromopropane CH3CHBrCH3

Question 39

Which functional group can positional isomerism be applied to?

Answer 39

Alcohols ig

Question 40

What's the difference for functional group isomerism?

Answer 40

Ya got propanal CH3CH2COH and finally propanone CH3COCH3

Question 41

When does geometric (E/Z) isomerism take place?

Answer 41

Atoms joining up in same order but different spatial arrangement

Question 42

What would the E in E/Z isomerism correlate to?

Answer 42

E- entgegen (opposite side)

Question 43

What would the Z in E/Z isomerism correlate to?

Answer 43

Z - zussamen (zame side)

Question 44

When would 1,2-dibromoethene have a **Z**?

Answer 44

during C=C, both Br's on top of both C's (vice-versa for H) (Z) - 1,2 - dibromoethene

Question 45

When would 1,2-dibromoethene have an **E**?

Answer 45

during C=C, both Br's on opposite positions diagonally on both C's (vice versa for H) (E) - 1,2 - dibromoethene

Question 46

So what about E/Z isomerism for some complicated formula like: 1-bromo-2-chloro-1-fluoro-2-iodoethene?

Answer 46

Uhhhhhhhhh, based on atoms with highest atomic mass, which take priority, honestly look at page 16.

Question 47

For the 4 main group 7 elements, order them from highest to lowest in terms of atomic mass (highest has more priority)

Answer 47

1. Iodine 2. Bromine 3. Chlorine 4. Fluorine

Question 48

Why does b.p increase for longer chains?

Answer 48

Longer chains = More VDW forces = More energy needed to overcome forces = Higher B.P.

Question 49

What's the effect of branching on boiling temperatures?

Answer 49

The more branches a molecule has, the lower it's boiling temperature ig?

Question 50

Ye go do past paper, or u can start unit 2.5 if u want

Answer 50

Who knows what he chooses