24. Vascular pathology of the orbit. Flashcards
what re the vascular pathology of the orbit ?
atriovenous malformations
carotid artery - cavernous sinus fistula
cavernous sinus thromboss
orbital vascular tumor - capillary hemangioma
cavernous hemangioma
lympphangioma
what can atriovenous malformation signs and symptoms ?
orbital varicies - enlargement of the orbital veins - producing intermittent proptosis
sometimes associated with pain , and transient reduction in vision
atriovenous malformation has a high risk for what ?
hemorrhages
what is the diagnosis of atriovenous malformation ?
MRI
what is the cause for carotid artery and cavernous sinus fistulas ?
trauma from basal skull fracture - resulting tear in the internal carotid artery
congenital
sporadic formation - atherosclerosis , systemic hypertenion , collagen vault disease , pregnancy
what is the signs and symptomsof carotid artery cavernous sinus fistula ?
red eye - orbital congestion chemosis pulsating proptosis !!! raised intraocular pressure retinal hemorrhages - decreased vision
what is the best diagnostic tool for carotid artery cavernous sinus fistula ?
orbital ultrasound doppler - show reversal flow
superficial capillary hemangioma appraise what ?
straweberry nevus
deeper capillary hemangiomas appear ?
bluish in colour
if the capillary hemangioma is located within the orbit what are the signs ?
strabismus
proptosis
if capillary hemangioma only involves the eyelids what may be the signs ?
astigmatism
occluding vision
what is the treatment for capillary hemangioma ?
spontaneous regression
use of intralesional depot corticosteroids - antiangiogenic effect
cavernous hemangioma become symptomatic when ?
they are benign slow growing lesion becoming symptomatic in middle life
what are the signs for cavernous hemangioma ?
axial proptosis
hyperopia
choroidal folds
what is the treatment from cavernous hemangioma ?
unlike capillary hemnagioma do not regress - surgical excision required
