Atomic structure and the periodic table

Question 1

explain the structure of an atom

Answer 1

have protons and neutron in a central nucleus, with electrons in shells (energy levels) around the nucleus.

Question 2

compare the size of the nucleus in relation to a atom

Answer 2

nucleus is very small compared with overall size of atom

Question 3

explain the relation of protons in a atom

Answer 3

atoms of a given element all have the same number of protons in their nuclei. and this number is unique to that element

Question 4

what do the number of protons in the nucleus determine

Answer 4

which element the atom is part of

Question 5

what do atoms have the same number of

Answer 5

atoms have the same number of protons and electrons

Question 6

what is the relative charge and mass of a:

a) proton
b) neutron
c) electron

Answer 6

a) relative mass = 1, relative charge = +1
b) relative mass = 1, relative charge = 0
c) relative mass = 1/1840, relative charge = -1

Question 7

how does the atom become neutral charge

Answer 7

the protons (+) balance the electrons (-).

Question 8

what is the atomic number

Answer 8

the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 9

what is the mass number

Answer 9

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 10

what are isotopes

Answer 10

atoms of the same elements with different numbers of neutrons.

Question 11

how are elements in the periodic table arranged

Answer 11

in order of their atomic numbers.

Question 12

what are the horizontal rows called

Answer 12

periods

Question 13

how are elements with similar properties placed

Answer 13

in vertical columns

Question 14

where are metals in the periodic table

Answer 14

metals are on the left-hand side and in the centre

Question 15

where are non metals in the periodic table

Answer 15

on the right hand side

Question 16

how did mendeleev arrange elements in the periodic table

Answer 16

by using properties of these elements and their

compounds

Question 17

how did mendeleev use his periodic table

Answer 17

used his table to predict the existence and properties of some elements not then discovered

Question 18

how are electrons arranged in an atom

Answer 18

in electron shells, or energy levels around the nucleus

Question 19

explain electronic configurations

Answer 19

electrons fill the shells that are closest to the nucleus first.

Question 20

give the electronic configurations of 20 different elements

Answer 20

ANSWER IT

Question 21

Describe the connection between the number of outer electrons and the position of an element in the periodic table

Answer 21

the further down in the periodic table the more electron shells and the higher the group number the more electrons in the outer shel

Question 22

describe the relation between the group numbers and the number of electrons in the outer shells

Answer 22

group numbers are the same as the number of electrons in the outer shells (apart from group 0)

Question 23

describe the relation between the number of occupied shells and the period number

Answer 23

number of occupied shells is the same as the period number