CH. 12: Neural Tissue Flashcards
Basic Functions (SIM)
Sensory
Integrative
Motor
Functions of the Nervous Tissue
Regulates all body activities by integration and responding to internal and external stimuli
Controls homeostasis
Structure of the Nervous System (7)
Spinal cord Spinal nerves Ganglia Peripheral nerves Brain Cranial nerves Sensory receptors
What are the systems of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
What composes the central nervous system?
Brain
Spinal cord
What is the CNS responsible for?
Integration
What are the components of the peripheral nervous system?
Nerves
Ganglia
All neural tissue outside of the CNS
What is the role of the PNS?
Connects CNS to sensory receptors and effectors
What are the functional divisions of the PNS?
Afferent
Efferent
Afferent
Sensory information
Arrival
PNS sensory receptor to the CNS
Efferent
Motor commands
CNS to PNS muscles and glands
Exit
What are the divisions of the PNS?
Somatic (voluntary)
Autonomic (involuntary)
Enteric
Enteric nervous system
Involuntary sensory and motor neurons control the GI tract
What types of cells are found in neural tissue?
Neurons
Neuroglia (glial cells)
What are neurons?
Communication cells
Propagate and transmit nerve impulses (action potentials)
What are neuroglia?
Supporting cells
How do neurons transmit information?
Electrical and chemical form
What are the parts of the soma?
Perikaryon
Cytoskeleton
Mitochondria
RER and ribosomes
Parts of a neuron
Soma
Dendrites
Axons
Synapse
Function of dendrites
Receive information
Dendrite characteristics
Short, highly branched extensions
Unmyelinated
Neurofibrils and nissl bodies
Function of axons
Carry electrical signal (action potential) to target
Synapse
Location of communication
Function of the synaptic terminal
Recycles neurotransmitters
Functional classification of neurons
Afferent neurons
Efferent neurons
Interneurons