24.8 Psych: Child development Flashcards
When are enuresis, separation anxiety, tantrums and difficulty completing tasks normal?
Enuresis: 3 yo
Separation anxiety: 18 months
Tantrums: 2 years
Difficulty completing: 3 years
What are Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor (birth-2yo)
Preoperational (2-7)
Concrete operational (7-12)
Formal operational (12+)
What are the ‘tasks’ in the sensorimotor stage of development?
Learning about world through sensory exploration
What are the ‘tasks’ in the preoperational stage of development?
Representing the world through language, symbols, internal representations of the world
What are the ‘tasks’ in the concrete operational stage of development?
Logical reasoning about concrete events/ideas/stimuli
What are the ‘tasks’ in the formal operational stage of development?
Abstract and hypothetical reasoning
What does a transactional process in the context of child development refer to?
A single event (e.g. premature birth) having later on ramifications following development (e.g. depression)
How may anxiety present during early/middle/adolescence?
Early: separation anxiety
Middle: Phobias/specific fears
Adol: Social/generalised anxiety
How may depression present at early/middle/adolescence?
Early: tantrums, mood changes
Middle: irritability, somatic complaints, school refusal
Adol: sleep/appetite disturbances, hopelessness, suicidal ideation
What might we see in preschoolers when giving them healthcare?
Literal interpretation
‘Magical’ thinking
What is very important to primary school aged children?
Peers important, so we can use analogies like ‘what if your friend…’
What can adolescents do that younger children can’t?
Abstract/hypothetical thinking (can understand an illness)
What are 3 things we can do to improve communication with children?
Reduce threat-related language
Honesty whilst promoting coping
Using images for pain scale
