1.4 Muscle and Nerve Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle cell membrane

A

Sarcolemma

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2
Q

Cytoplasm of muscle cells

A

Sacroplasm

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3
Q

Smooth ER of muscle cells

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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4
Q

Specialized mitochodria of muscle cells

A

Sarcosome

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5
Q

Functional unit of muscle fibers

A

Sarcomere

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6
Q

Type of muscle with cylindrical and multinucleated cells, with oval nuclei at the periphery of cell

A

Skeletal muscle

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7
Q

Dark areas in the center of sarcomeres; anisotropic; consists of thick filament

A

A band

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8
Q

Light areas on either side of the Z disc

A

Isotropic

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9
Q

Part the skeletal muscle fiber: Pale area; center of A band

A

H band

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10
Q

Part the skeletal muscle fiber: Center of adjacent sarcomere; bisects each I band in which the thin filaments are attached to

A

Z line/disk

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11
Q

Contains binding site for myosin; makes up thin filaments

A

Actin

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12
Q

Morphological changes in sarcomere during muscle contraction

A

I band is narrower
H band is extinguished
Z discs move closer together
A band is unaltered

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13
Q

Receptor of proprioception

A

Neuromuscular spindle

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14
Q

Responsible for the packaging of neurotransmitter substances

A

Golgi complex

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15
Q

Unique in preneuronal multiplying cells

A

Centriole

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16
Q

Found only in the soma; with multople parallel arrays of smooth cisternae

A

Golgi complex

17
Q

Most abundant in axon terminal

A

Mitochondria

18
Q

Protein used in anterograde transmission

A

Kinesin

19
Q

Protein used in retrograde transmission

A

Dynein

20
Q

Serves as a high-resustance low -capacitance insulator

A

Mylein sheath

21
Q

Responsible for myelination in the periphery

A

Schwann cells

22
Q

Responsible for myelination in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocyts

23
Q

Sensory receptor for touch, heat, and cold sensation; no connective tissue; high amount in the body

A

Free / non-encapsulated

24
Q

Sensory receptor for pressure, vibration; concentric layer of lamellae

A

Encapsulated sensory receptor

25
Q

Specific sensory receptor for touch located in dermal papillae

A

Meissner’s corpuscle

26
Q

Specific sensory receptor for proprioception

A

Neuromuscular spondle

27
Q

Deter pressure changes

A

Baroreceptors

28
Q

Largest and most numerous neuroglial cells; star-shaped

A

Astrocytes

29
Q

Many and short branching astrocytes found in gray matter

A

Protoplasmic astrocytes

30
Q

Few, long and unbranched astrocytes in white matter

A

Fibrous astrocytes

31
Q

Small cell with short processes; phagocytic in nature involved in inflammation and repair in the adult CNS; produce and release neutral proteases and oxidative radicals
Phagocytose injured cells

A

Microglia

32
Q

Part of skeletal muscle fiber: isotropic, consists of thin filament, seen as light areas on either side of the Z line

A

I band

33
Q

Muscle protein making up the thick filaments; made up of 2 heavy and 2 light chains

A

Myosin

34
Q

Muscle protein which facilitates the actin-myosin interaction during muscle contraction

A

Troponin

35
Q

Muscle protein which covers the myosin binding site when muscle tissue is at rest

A

Tropomyosin