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Physics > 2.5 Forces & Interactions > Flashcards

2.5 Forces & Interactions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between scalar and vector quantities?

A
  • Scalar quantities have magnitude/size only
  • Vector quantities have magnitude and direction
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2
Q

How can vector quantities be represented?

A

Vector quantities can be represented with an arrow where the length of the arrow represents the magnitude or size and the direction of the arrow represents the direction of the vector quantity

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3
Q

List 5 Scalar Quantities

A
  • Mass
  • Speed
  • Distance
  • Energy
  • Temperature
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4
Q

List 5 vector quantities

A
  • Displacement
  • Velocity
  • Force
  • Weight
  • Acceleration
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5
Q

What is electrostatic force?

A

Electrostatic forces is the force exerted between 2 oppositely charged objects

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6
Q

What is Normal Contact Force?

A

Normal Contact Force is an upwards force that acts 90° to a surface and is produced when two objects are in direct contact

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7
Q

Define a force

A

A force is a push or pull that acts on an object due to interaction with another object

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8
Q

What type of quantity is a force?

A

A force is a vector quantity as it has both a magnitude and an assosciated direction

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9
Q

What are the 2 types of forces?

Explain them

A
  • Contact Forces, which is a force that acts when objects are physically touching
  • Non-Contact Forces, which is a force that acts when objects are separated and not physically touching
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10
Q

Give 4 examples of contact forces

A
  • Friction
  • Air resistance
  • Tension
  • Normal contact force
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11
Q

Give 3 examples of non-contact forces

A
  • Graviational Force
  • Electrostatic force
  • Magnetic force
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12
Q

What is gravity?

A

Gravity is the force of attraction between all objects

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13
Q

What is mass?

What are its units of measurement?

A

Mass is the amount of matter than an object contains

It is measured in kg

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14
Q

What is weight?

What is it measured in?

A

Weight is the force acting on an object due to gravity

Weight is measured in (N) Newtons

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15
Q

What causes the force of gravity close to the Earth?

A

The gravitational field around the Earth

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16
Q

What do all planets have in common?

A

All planets have strong gravitational fields

17
Q

What two factors does the weight of an object depend on?

A

The weight of an object depends on:
- The mass of the object
- The gravitational field strength of the location where the object is in

18
Q

What is the formula for calculating the weight of an object?

A

The weight of an object can be calculated using the equation:
Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
W = mg
————————————————————
W - N
M - kg
G - N/Kg

19
Q

Describe the relationship between the weight and mass of an object

A

The weight and mass of an object are directly proportional

20
Q

How can the weight of an object be measured?

A

The weight of an object can be measured using a newtonmeter, which is a calibrated spring balance

21
Q

How does a calibrated spring balance work?

A
  • The object is attatched to the end of the hook
  • The spring will stretch a fixed distance for each newton
22
Q

Where does the weight of an object act?

A

The weight of an object acts at a single point known as the centre of mass

23
Q

What is the centre of mass?

A

The centre of mass is the single point at which the weight of an object is considered to act

24
Q

How can we find the centre of mass for a regular shape?

A

The centre of mass of a regular shape can be found using the lines of symmetry

25
Q

How can we find the centre of mass for an irregular object?

A

The centre of mass for an irregular object can be found by locating its balance point

26
Q

What is a resultant force?

A

Overall force acting on an object

27
Q

What are balanced forces?

A

Balanced forces are when the resultant force of an object is zero, and the object is either stationary or moving at a constant speed

28
Q

Do questions on free body diagrams

A
29
Q

Explain what resolving forces are

A

A single force acting at an angle can be resolved into a horizontal and vertical force.

30
Q

Do questions on resolving forces

A
31
Q

What does it mean if an object is in equilibrium?

A
  • The resultant force acting on the object is 0
32
Q

What is thrust?

A

Thrust is a type of force that causes an object to move
(e.g car engine / aeroplane)

33
Q

What is air resistance / drag?

A

Air resistance or drag is the friction of the air on a moving object

34
Q

What is upthrust?

A

Upthrust is the force of a fluid pushing an object upwards

35
Q

What is compression?

A

Compression is the forces that act inwards on an object, squeezing it

36
Q

What is tension?

A

Tension is the force transmitted through a cable or string when pulled on by forces acting on opposite ends

37
Q

What is the reaction force?

A

Reaction force is a force due to contact between 2 objects

38
Q

What is friction?

A

Friction is a force that opposes motion when objects rub against each other

Physics (10 decks)

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