2.5 Organic Chemistry Flashcards by Analina Namoa

Q

What are organic molecules?

A

Carbon-based chains

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Q

What are the extra bond spaces filled with for carbons?

A

Hydrogen atoms

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Q

What does the prefix of a molecule tell you?

A

How many carbons are in a molecule

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Q

Meth

A

1 carbon

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Q

Eth

A

2 carbons

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Q

Prop

A

3 carbons

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Q

But

A

4 carbons

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Q

Pent

A

5 carbons

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Q

Hex

A

6 carbons

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Q

Hept

A

7 carbons

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Q

Oct

A

8 carbons

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Q

What is the prefix for 1 carbon?

A

Meth

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Q

What is the prefix for 2 carbons?

A

Eth

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Q

What is the prefix for 3 carbons?

A

Prop

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Q

What is the prefix for 4 carbons?

A

But

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Q

What is the prefix for 5 carbons?

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A

Pent

Q

What is the prefix for 6 carbons?

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A

Hex

Q

What is the prefix for 7 carbons?

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A

Hept

Q

What is the prefix for 8 carbons?

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A

Oct

Q

What does the ending of a molecule tell you?

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A

What kind of molecule it is

Q

What are alkanes?

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A

Straightforward carbon and hydrogen chains

Q

What is the ending for alkanes?

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A

-ane

Q

What are alkenes?

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A

Chains containing a double bond between 2 carbons

Q

What is the ending for alkenes?

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A

-ene

What are alkynes?

Chains containing a triple bond between 2 carbons

What is the ending for alkynes?

-yne

What are haloalkanes?

An alkane with an extra halogen (atom) attached

What is the ending for haloalkanes?

-o- (eg. Bromo, Chloro)

What are alcohols?

Chains with an OH group attached to a carbon

What is the ending for alcohols?

-anol

What are carboxylic acids?

Chains containing a double-bonded O and OH group attached to an end carbon

What is the ending for carboxylic acids?

-anoic acid

What are amines?

Chains that have an NH2 group attached to an end carbon

What is the ending for amines?

amino- (eg. aminoheptane)

Structural formula

A drawing of the molecule

Molecular formula

The number of each atom a molecule has