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Vet 2 > swine > Flashcards

swine Flashcards

1
Q

sus scrofa

A

genus and species name

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2
Q

useful for

A

clothing and equipment, bio medical research, food source

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3
Q

breeds

A

landrace and yorkshire

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4
Q

characteristics

A

intelligent and easily trained

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5
Q

dunging pattern

A

urinating and defecating in one part of their pen

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6
Q

sociability

A

social and need visual and physical contact with others

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7
Q

rooting

A

exploring their surroundings and searching for snacks with their snouts. Ringing is a procedure used to discourage this behaviour

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8
Q

fencing

A

swine are strong and have a low center of gravity, they can root under a fence and escape

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9
Q

diet type

A

omnivores with a monastic stomach. must consume a balanced diet

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10
Q

physiology

A

4 toes on each foot, well insulated with a layer of body fat- except piglets. Has a few sweat glands and need protection from the sun and extreme heat

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11
Q

ways to cool

A

shades, wallows, spray cooling, air cooling

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12
Q

boar

A

mature or immature male hog

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13
Q

barrow

A

castrated male hog

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14
Q

sow

A

mature female hog

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15
Q

gilt

A

immature female hog

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16
Q

pig

A

newborn of either sex

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17
Q

breeding

A

polyestrous, heat cycles occurring every 21 days throughout the year. Estrus lasts 2-3 days.

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18
Q

average litter

A

10-12 piglets, each weights about 3lbs at birth

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19
Q

farrowing

A

birthing process

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20
Q

birth

A

head or feet first at 20 min intervals. farrowing should be complete within 4hrs. newborns cough to start breathing and are on their feet immediatly

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21
Q

weaning

A

3-8 weeks of age or at 10-12lbs

22
Q

productivity

A

pigs go to market at 5-6 mos when they weigh 200lbs. Sows and boars remain productive for 5-6yrs

23
Q

commercial swine

A

sold for 2 main purposes, slaughter and breeding

24
Q

farrow-to-finish

A

full-service swine operation that houses breeders, newborns, weanlings, and feeder stock

25
Q

farrow-to-wean

A

swine production unit that houses breeding sows and offspring until weaning age or weight

26
Q

feeder-to-finish

A

swine farm that raises weanlings to market weight

27
Q

breeders

A

raise purbred gilts and boars to sell to other purbred breeders or commercial farrowing farms

28
Q

Specific pathogen free

A

management system used to eradicate certain diseases

29
Q

open herd

A

permits animals from other herds to mix

30
Q

closed herd

A

prevents new animals from entering

31
Q

management systems

A

extensive- outdoors, intensive- indoors

32
Q

feeding guidelines

A

food expenses constitute 60-80% of total bill to market swine

33
Q

what to feed swine

A

corn, wheat, oats, barley, tallow, veg oil, added protein, minerals, vitamins, feed

34
Q

gestation

A

lowest percentage of protein due to the importance to restrict the sows diet

35
Q

lactation

A

right after gestation 14% protein to meet increasing energy needs of the sow

36
Q

starter

A

the most complex and fortified diet, with milk products added to increase growth rate

37
Q

grower

A

added amino acids in the diet for a pig between 50-120lbs

38
Q

finisher

A

feeding programs can include summer vs winter diets or different diets depending on the gender of the swine

39
Q

hog hurdles

A

portable partitions used to maneuver swine, usually into a corner

40
Q

hog snare

A

device that secures the pigs head, used on older swine, pig can bite caution is needed

41
Q

casting

A

laying an animal down on its side for restraint purposes, this uses ropes

42
Q

headgate

A

mechanical instrument at the end of a chute that locks the pigs head on both sides of the neck

43
Q

sling

A

resembles a hammock, with four leg holes and a 5th hole under the neck for blood collection from the vena cava. more common with research

44
Q

processing swine

A

swine often receive medical care as a herd rather then individuals. pigs are processed within 12-24hrs after birth

45
Q

processing swine involves

A

caring for navel cords, clipping needle teeth, docking tails, administration iron, identifying each pig, castrating males

46
Q

caring for navel cords

A

soon after birth pigs are born the umbilical cord may be tied off with a square knot or cut off about 1” from body

47
Q

clipping needle teeth

A

pigs are born with 8 teeth called needle teeth, clipped within 1-2 days after birth to avoid pigs inflicting bites on each other

48
Q

docking tails

A

to control tail biting the tail is docked within 24hrs after birth

49
Q

administrating iron

A

iron deficiency anemia of piglets can be a serious problem, IM of iron shortly after birth

50
Q

identification

A

ear notching, ear tagging, tattooing and branding, pain branding

51
Q

castration

A

only superior males remain intact for breeding purposes. 1-21 days of age

52
Q

tusks

A

breeding boars grow elongated canine teeth, must be trimmed regularly

Vet 2 (11 decks)

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