glossary of terms

Question 1

conjunctiva

Answer 1

thin mucous lining of the lids inner aspect and anterior aspect of the eyeball

Question 2

conjunctivitis

Answer 2

inflammation of conjunctiva

Question 3

amblyopia

Answer 3

lazy eye - misalignment due to weak or elongated eye muscles

Question 4

refraction

Answer 4

bending of the light rays, entering the cornea & the lens

Question 5

anopia

Answer 5

blindness

Question 6

papilledema

Answer 6

swollen optic disc

Question 7

accomodation

Answer 7

focusing for near vision

Question 8

visual field

Answer 8

panorama of vision that the eye can see

Question 9

PERLA

Answer 9

acronym for: “Pupils are equal responsive to light and accommodation”
explains intact papillary and accommodation reflex

Question 10

cataract

Answer 10

opaque lens, contributes to visual impairment

Question 11

hyperopia

Answer 11

farsightedness due to shorter than norm eyeball

Question 12

myopia

Answer 12

nearsightedness due to longer than norm eyeball

Question 13

glaucoma

Answer 13

increased intra-ocular pressure

Question 14

nystagmus

Answer 14

repetitive jerky movements of the eyes seen in disorders of the brainstem, inner ear, cerebellum

Question 15

sty

Answer 15

bacterial infection of the eye lid hair follicle

Question 16

labyrinth

Answer 16

inner ear compartment (cochlea + semi-circular canals + vesitbule w. utricle & sacculi)

Question 17

Organ of Corti

Answer 17

receptors for hearing w. in membranous labyrinth of the cochlea

Question 18

ampula

Answer 18

broad part of each semi-circular canal where receptors for ROTATIONAL equilibrium are located

Question 19

eustachian tube

Answer 19

connects middle ear compartment (tympanic cavity) with the pharynx

Question 20

labyrinthitis

Answer 20

inflammation of the inner ear (labyrinth)

Question 21

vertigo

Answer 21

extreme dizziness

Question 22

ataxia

Answer 22

uncoordinated movement

Question 23

tinnitus

Answer 23

ear ringing

Question 24

otitis media

Answer 24

inflammation of the middle ear compartment

Question 25

“swimmer’s ear”

Answer 25

inflammation of the external ear

Question 26

anesthesia

Answer 26

complete absence of all sensations

Question 27

analgesia

Answer 27

absence of pain sensation

Question 28

paresthesia

Answer 28

abnormal sensation (pins and needles — can be with or without pain)

Question 29

hyperesthesia

Answer 29

exaggerated sensation of pain upon light touch

Question 30

causalgia

Answer 30

burning pain sensation

Question 31

nociceptors

Answer 31

sensory receptors for painful stimuli

Question 32

proprioceptor

Answer 32

sensory receptor, found chiefly in muscles, tendons, joints, and the inner ear, that detects the motion or position of the body

Question 33

strabismus

Answer 33

“crossed eyes”

disorder in which the two eyes do not line up in the same direction, and therefore do not look at the same object at the same time.