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Microbiology > Biochemical Tests > Flashcards

Biochemical Tests Flashcards

0
Q

Contains lactose, glucose, sucrose and iron and forms H2S

A

Triple Sugar Iron

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1
Q

Utilization of carbohydrates by bacteria. In bacteriology, observing color changes in pH indicator as acid products are formed.

A

Fermentation

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2
Q

If glucose are fermented, butt will produce and slant will produce what?

A

Butt becomes yellowish and Slant becomes initially yellow.

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3
Q

Since glucose is in low conc., organism in aerobic conditions uses Peptone medium, slabs will become what?

A

Slant becomes alkaline

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4
Q

TSI organism that ferments lactose will have an?

A

A/A reaction

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5
Q

A/A with gas on TSI

A

E.coli

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6
Q

A/A with H2S on TSI

A

Citrobacter freundii

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7
Q

K/A with gas and H2S on TSI

A

Proteus mirabilis

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8
Q

K/K on TSI

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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9
Q

TSI

A

pH indicator ( phenol red)

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10
Q

Result on CHO Fermentation Test: NLF

A

Edwardsiella, Morganella, Hafnia, Proteus, Providencia, Salmonella, Yersinia, Shigella, Serratia

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11
Q

Result on CHO Fermentation Test: LF

A

Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella

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12
Q

Result on CHO Fermentation Test: LLF

A

Citrobacter, Arizona

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13
Q

Two enzymes that must be present in the Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Hafnia-Serratia Group.

A

Beta-galactoside permease

Beta-galatosidase

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14
Q

Many of anaerobic bacteria that produces large quantities of butyric acid

A

Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus, Fusibacterium

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15
Q

Contains lactose, glucose and iron salt

A

Kligler’s Iron Agar

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16
Q

Reactions of KIA on P. Aeruginosa

A

K/K

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17
Q

Reactions of KIA on Shigella sp.

A

K/A

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18
Q

Reactions of KIA on Samonella, Citrobacter, Arizona and some Proteus

A

K/A with gas and H2S

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19
Q

Reaction of E.coli and Klebsiella-Enterobacter group

A

A/A

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20
Q

Indicators: sodium thiosulfate and ferrous sulfate

+ black color or black ppt

A

H2S production

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21
Q

+ bubble formation or splitting of the media or complete displacement of the media from the bottom of the tube

A

Gas Production

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22
Q

Glucose and lactose

A

Russell’s Double Agar

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23
Q

Structure similar to lactose that detects the enzyme from beta-galatosidase. Used to distinguish enteric bacteria (Salmonella -, Citrobacter +) and identify Pseudomonas. Similar to lactose, except glucose replaced ton ONPG

A

Beta-galactosidase and ONPG Test Orthonitrophenyl beta-d-galatopyaranoside

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24
Q

Chromophere that is released into the medium and detected by a pale yellow color.

A

Orthopnitrophenol

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25
Q

Result in Beta-galatosidase and ONPG test

A

+ Yellow

- no color change

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26
Q

SIM test:
Ability of an organism to split tryptophan to form compound indole.
+ pink to wine colored ring

A

INDOLE production

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27
Q

SIM: + blackening of agar

A

Sulfide

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28
Q

Use for initial grouping of enterobacteriaceae

A

IPViC

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29
Q

Production from tryptophan

A

INDOLE

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30
Q

Production from phenylalanine

A

Phenylpyruvic acid

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31
Q

Due to the formation of acetoin from pyruvate in glucose broth

A

Positive Vogues-proskauer test

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32
Q

Ability to utilize as a single carbon source

A

Citrate

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33
Q

Acidification of glucose broth due to formation of mixed carboxylic acids from pyruvate

A

Methyl red test

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34
Q

Ability of an organism to produce INDOLE from tryptophan

A

INDOLE test

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35
Q

Media used in INDOLE test

A

Tryptophan Agar

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36
Q

Reagent used in Indole test

A

Ehrlich’s reagent

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37
Q

Result of INDOLE test

A

+ pink to wine colored ring

- no color development

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38
Q

Screening for INDOLE production

A

Rapid spot INDOLE test

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39
Q

Reagent used in Rapid spot indole test

A

P-aminocinnamaldehyde

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40
Q

Ability of organism to produce and maintain stable end products from glucose fermentation; mixed acid glucose fermentation

A

Methyl red test

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41
Q

Indicator used in methyl red test

A

Methyl red

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42
Q

Results in Methyl red test

A

+ distinct red or bright color red ( E.coli)

- yellow or no color change (E.cloacae)

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43
Q

Butylene glycol of glucose formation; ability of an organism to produce acetoin

A

Vogues-Proskauer test

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44
Q

Media used in Vogues-Proskauer test

A

MRVP or Clark Lubs Broth

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45
Q

Reagent used in Vogues-Proskauer test

A

Alpha napthol and KOHn(Barritt’s method)

46
Q

Results in Vogues-Proskauer test

A

+ pink to red color (E.cloacae)

- no color change (E.coli)

47
Q

Other reagent used in vogues-Proskauer test

A

Apha napthol in 40% KOH creatine (Coblentz method)

48
Q

Result in vogues-Proskauer test

A

+ red (Strep.mutans)

- yellow (strep mitis)

49
Q

Key biochemical property of Salmonella, Klebsiella, Serratia, Enterobacter and Citrobacter. Ability of an organism to utilize sodium citrate as a carbon source and inorganic ammonium salts as a nitrogen source.

A

Citrate Utilization test

50
Q

Media used in Citrate utilization test

A

Simmon Citrate Agar

51
Q

Reagent used in Citrate Utilization test

A

Bromythmol Blue

52
Q

Results in citrate utilization test

A

+ intense blue color (Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas)

- green color ( Escherichia and Edwardsiella)

53
Q

Enzyme produced by some aerobic bacteria as part of the respiratory oxidation mechanisms.
P.aeruginosa and N.meninggitis

A

Oxidase test (Cytochrome oxidase/ indophenol blue)

54
Q

Filter paper method of Oxidase test

A

Tetramethyl p-phenylalanine diamine dihydrocholride

55
Q

Results in Oxidase test

A

+ bluish purple ( P.aeruginosa)

- E.coli

56
Q

To produce enzyme urease.

Some organism hydrolyze urea rapidly releasing ammonium and CO2.

A

Urease test

57
Q

Strong urea producer

A

Providencia, Proteus, Morganella

58
Q

Weak urea production

A

Klebsiella

59
Q

Urease producer

A

Yersinia Enterocolitica

60
Q

Results of urease test

A

+ pink/magenta P.vulgaris and S.marcesens

- no color change

61
Q

Slow urease producer

A

Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

62
Q

Rapid Urease Production

A

Proteus and Providencia rettgeri, K.pneumonia, K.oxytoca, E.cloacae and Yersinia enterocilitica

63
Q

Media used in Urease test

A

Christensen’s Urea Agar

64
Q

pH indicator used in Urease test

A

Phenol red

65
Q

Some organisms can deaminate phenylalanine converting it to phenylpyruvic acid

A

Phenylalanine Deaminase Test

66
Q

Results of Phenylalanine Deaminase Test

A

+ dark green color after addition of ferric chloride

67
Q

Media used in Phenylalanine Deaminase test

A

Phenylalanine Agar or Tryptohpan agar

68
Q

Reagent used in Phenylalanine Deaminase test

A

10% Ferric Chloride

69
Q

Results in Phenylalananine Deaminase Test or the reagent Alpha napthol in 40% KOH in creatine (Coblentz method)

A

+ green color in slant (P.vulgaris)

- E.coli

70
Q

Some organisms can Decarboxylase Lysine converting it to cadaverine

A

Lysine Decarboxylase Test

71
Q

Indicator used in Lysine Decarboxylase Test

A

Bromcresol blue

72
Q

Medium used in Lysine Decarboxylase Test

A

Lysine Iron Agar or Moeller’s Agar

73
Q

Result in Lysine Decarboxylase Agar

A

+ remains purple denoting an alkaline medium

74
Q

Used to determine gram - can Decarboxylase or deaminates Lysine and form H2S

A

Lysine iron agar test

75
Q

Media used on LIA.

A

Lysine Iron Agar contains Lysine, Glucose, Peptones, Ferric NH4 Citrate and Na thiosulfate

76
Q

If glucose is fermented

A

Butt becomes acid

77
Q

If Decarboxylase is not produce

A

Butt remains acid

78
Q

If oxidative deamination of Lysine occurs

A

It forms burgundy color on slant in the presence of Ferric Ammonium Citrate and Flavin mononucleotide

79
Q

If deamination do not occur

A

LIA slant remains purple

80
Q

K/K on LIA reaction

A
  • Lysine deamination

+ Lysine Decarboxylation

81
Q

K/A on LIA reaction

A
  • Lysine deamination

- Lysine Decarboxylation

82
Q

R/A on LIA reaction

A

+ Lysine deamination

- Lysine Decarboxylation

83
Q

H2S indicator on LIA reaction

A

Ferric ammonium citrate

84
Q

Indicator on LIA reaction

A

Bromcresol purple

85
Q

Test measures the ability of an organism to decarboxylate an amino acid to form an amine.nit requires acid in pH and anaerobic environment.

A

Decarboxylase test (Moeller’s method)

86
Q

Indicator used in Decarboxylate Test

A

Bromcresol purple

87
Q

Decarboxylation of the amino acids results in

A

Alkaline pH change

88
Q

3 decarboxylate broth

A

Lysine, Arginine, Orthinine

89
Q

Result in Decarboxylase test

A

+ alkaline purple color

90
Q

If an enterobacteriaceae contains amino acid Decarboxylase, amines produced by Decarboxylase action cause an alkaline pH. Lysine, Arginine, Orthinine are utilized. A base broth without amino acid is included in which glucose fermentation acidifies the broth.

A

Amino Acid Decarboxylase

91
Q

Lysine ➡️❓

A

Cadaverine (decarboxylase)

92
Q

Orthinine ➡️❓

A

Putrescine (decarboxylase)

93
Q

Arginine ➡️❓

A

Citrulline (dihydrolase)

94
Q

Conversion of Arginine to Citrulline

A

Dihydrolase reaction

95
Q

Decarboxylation of patterns are essential for the genus identification

A

Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Escherichia and Salmonella

96
Q

Decarboxylation of patterns are essential for the species identification

A

Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis, shigella sonnei

97
Q

Systems for H2S production

A 
Lead acetate paper
SIM tube
Hektoen and SS agar
XLD agar
Triple Sugar-Iron Agar
98
Q

H2S producing

A

Edwardsiella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Proteus

99
Q

Media used in H2S

A

TSI, LIA, SIM, HEA

100
Q

Result in H2S production

A

Production of black color

101
Q

Non motile on Motility test

A

Shigella and Klebsiella

102
Q

Non motile on 35C and motile on 22-25C on motility test

A

Yersinia

103
Q

Ability of organism to produce protease that hydrolyzes gelatin and liquify solid gelatin medium. Used in identification of Clostridium, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas and Serratia.

A

Gelatin Liquifacation

104
Q

Results in gelatin Liquifacation.

A

+ gel liquifies (P. Vulgaris)

- gel solidifies (E.aerogenes)

105
Q

Determine the ability of an organism to reduce nitrate to nitrate by adding sulfanilic acid and alpha-napthylamine

A

Nitrite Reduction

106
Q

Result in Nitrite reduction

A

+ red, water soluble azo dye (E.coli)

107
Q

MUG test and result

A

4-methylumberriferyl-beta-D-glucoronide
+ blue fluorescence (E.coli)
- no fluorescence (P.aeruginosa)

108
Q

Result in Esculin Hyrdolysis

A

+ black (K.pneumonia)

- yellow (S.Flexneri)

109
Q

KCN Broth results

A
  • clear

+ turbid

110
Q

Mako ate Utilization Test

A
  • green

+ blue

111
Q

String Test

A

ID of Vibrio

112
Q

Reagent of String test

A

0.5% sodium desoxycholate

113
Q

Result on String test

A

+ string like

Microbiology (7 decks)

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