25a antidepressants and antipsychotics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 25a antidepressants and antipsychotics Deck (29)
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1
Q

where is seratonin from

A

raphe nuclei

2
Q

where is norephinepherine from?

A

the locus coeruleus

3
Q

what is the mesolimbic dopamine?

A

from the sustantia nigra

goes to the caudate putamen and nucleaus acumbans.

4
Q

what is the mesocortical dopamine

A

from the vental tegmental areas

to the prefrontal cortex.

5
Q

where is the GABA localized to?

A

substanita nigra globus paladus and hippocamus

and the limbic system amgydala hypothalmus and spinal cord.

6
Q

what is a tricyclic antidepressant for chronic pain?

A

amitriptyline

7
Q

what is a tricyclic antidepressant for OCD?

A

clomipramine

8
Q

what is the SSRI with a long half life?

A

fluoxetine

9
Q

whta is the SSRI with a shorter half life? and less effect on drug metabolism

A

sertraline

10
Q

what is an atypical antidepressant that is used form SAD and nicotine withdrawl?
blocking NE and dopamine uptake

A

BUPROPION

11
Q

what is the atypical antidepressant that is used to increase apitie?
what does it blcok?

A

MIRTAZAPINE

blocks presynaptic alpha 2 in the brain .

12
Q

what is phenelzine?

what is a use for it?

A

it is a MAO inhibitor. irreversible for MAO-A

used for the treatment of narcolepsy

13
Q

what is the problem with MAOI and eating cheese or sausage

A

they have tyramine in them and usually tyramine is broken down in the liver. but if you give MAOI it isnt.
this allows the tyramine to get into the blood stream and can effect the heart causing a hypertensive crisis.

14
Q

what area of the brain is associated with the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

lots of dopmamine in the limbic area.

15
Q

what do D1 receptors do?

A

they they activate the adenylate cyclase. Gs

16
Q

what do D2 receptors do?

A

they inhibit the adenylate cyclase. D2,3,4 Gi

17
Q

what receptors do the atypical antipsychotic drugs act on?

A

D receptors
and
5-HT2 in the forebrain.

18
Q

what are extrapyramidal side effects of some antipsychotic drugs?

A

dystonias and parkinsons early on.

later can have tardive dyskineasia. like a tic, lip smacking.

19
Q

what is a typical drug that is used? with low potency and some anticholengeric effects.

A

chlorpromazine

20
Q

what is a typical drug that is used? with low potency and some anticholengeric effects. and some cardiac effects?

A

thioridazine

21
Q

what typical drugs is used that has high potency and less sedative and cholenergic effects?

A

fluphenazine

22
Q

not chemically related to the phenothiazines but is

pharmacologically similar to the high-potency piperazine derivatives.

A

haloperidol

23
Q

what is the better about the sideeffects of the atypical ?

A

less extrapyramidal effects.

24
Q

what atypical blocks D4 and 5-HT2?

what are some side effects?

A

clozapine

there is some weight gain and acute granulocytosis

25
Q

what atypical is more of a 5-HT2 blocker with diabetes risk and no agranulocytosis

A

olanzapine

26
Q

what is a combined D2 and 5-HT2 antagonist and better reduction of the negative sympotoms.

A

risperidone

27
Q

what atypical antipsychotic drugs are used as an adjunct in treatment of depression?

A

quetiapine

aripiprazole

28
Q

what atypical is a partial D2 agonist and 5-HT2 antagonist?

A

aripiprazole

it is used as an adjunct for depression treatment.

29
Q

what atypical is like clozapine but better?

A

quetiapine