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Question 1

divisions of the NS

Answer 1

The Central Nervous System and the peripheral nervous system

Question 2

divisions of the CNS

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord

Question 3

function of the brain

Answer 3

Controls thoughts, feelings and actions

Question 4

function of the spinal cord

Answer 4

Connects the brain and the PNS

Question 5

divisions of the PNS

Answer 5

The autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system

Question 6

function of the SNS

Answer 6

Communicates messages from the PNS to the skeletal muscles

Question 7

divisions of the ANS

Answer 7

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems

Question 8

function of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 8

Prepares the body for action (activates FFF)

Question 9

function of the parasympatheteic nervous system

Answer 9

Calms body after action and returns it to and maintains homeostasis

Question 10

main functions of the nervous system

Answer 10

• Receive information
• processes information
• coordinate a response

Question 11

lock and key process

Answer 11

• each type of neurotransmitter has a chemically distinct shape
• when released by the presynaptic neuron, the neurotransmitter (key) searches for the correctly shaped receptor site (lock) on the postynaptic neuron where it then binds
• this binding unlocks the postsynaptic neuron’s response

Question 12

what is stress

Answer 12

A state of physiological and psychological arousal produced by stressors perceived as a challenge or something that exceeds our ability to cope

Question 13

eustress

Answer 13

a positive psychological response to a stressor

Question 14

when is eustress experienced

Answer 14

When stress is beneficial and desireable and not harmful to the body

Question 15

distress

Answer 15

A negative psychological response to a stressor

Question 16

when is distress experienced

Answer 16

When stress is objectionable or undeseriable and can have serious consequences for health

Question 17

difference in the body’s reactions to eustress and distress

Answer 17

• the body cannot differentiate

- the sympathetic nervous system is activated in both reactions (FFF)

Question 18

daily pressures

Answer 18

• little problems of everyday living that annoy or bother us
• are not necessarily significant in themselves, but when piled on top of one another can become a major source of stress

Question 19

life events

Answer 19

• changes that force us to adapt to new circumstances

- have immediate consequences and require longer adjustments

Question 20

acculturative stress

Answer 20

• the experience of people trying to adapt to a new culture

- the adopting of values, customs and languages

Question 21

major stressors

Answer 21

• events that are extremely stressful for almost anyone who experiences them
• often described as psychologically traumatising events and typically involve life-threatening experiences

Question 22

catastrophes

Answer 22

• sudden, unpredictable, uncontrollable events that cause widespread damage or suffering
• usually affect many people simultaneously

Question 23

approach strategies

Answer 23

• a direct attempt to focus on a stressor

- more adaptive and effective

Question 24

avoidance strategies

Answer 24

• an inderect attempt to deal with a stressor

- not always maladaptive, only short term

Question 25

context-specific effectivenness

Answer 25

when there is a good match between the coping strategy used and the stressful situation

Question 26

high coping flexibility

Answer 26

a ready adjustment of coping strategies when found ineffective

Question 27

low coping flexibility

Answer 27

consistently using the same strategies across situations even if they prove to be ineffective

Question 28

benefits of exercise

Answer 28

- uses up stress hormones - releases endorphins - provides an opportunity for distraction

Question 29

recall

Answer 29

retrieving information using few or no cues

Question 30

free recall

Answer 30

reproducing as much information as possible in no particular order without the use of a specific cue

Question 31

serial recall

Answer 31

reproducing information in the order in which it was presented

Question 32

cued recall

Answer 32

the use of cues to aid retrieval and reproduction of the required information

Question 33

recognition

Answer 33

identifying the original learnt information from among alternatives. the presence of correct information acts a a cue for its retrieval

Question 34

relearning

Answer 34

learning information again that has been previously learned and stored in the ltm. method of savings

Question 35

reconstruction

Answer 35

combining stored information with available information to form a more complete memory. most evident when retrieving an episodic memory of a specific event

Question 36

leading questions

Answer 36

have content or are phrased in a way that suggests what answer is desired or lead to the desired answer

Question 37

the problem with leading questions

Answer 37

the witness may add false information and reconstruct the memory in an incorrect way