Chapter 10 Pro-Social and Anti-Social

Question 0

What is the bystander effect

Answer 0

Tendency for individuals to be less likely to help another person in need when other bystanders are present or believed to be present, as compared to when they are alone.

Question 1

what is Pro-Social behaviour?

Answer 1

Any behaviour intended to help or benefit another person, group or society. It must be intentional.

Question 2

What are the situational factors?

Answer 2

Noticing the situation,
Interpreting the situation,
Taking the responding.

Question 3

What is social norms?

Answer 3

Are standards or rules that govern what should or should not do in different social situations.

Question 4

What are the social norms?

Answer 4

Reciprocity norms,

Social responsibility norm

Question 5

What is the reciprocity norm?

Answer 5

That we should help others who help us.

Question 6

What is the Social responsibility norm

Answer 6

To help others who need help, because it is our duty to do so.

Question 7

What are personal factors?

Answer 7

Empathy, moods, competence.

Question 8

What is altruism?

Answer 8

The pro social behaviour that is focused on the well being or benefits of another without any personal gain.

Question 9

What are the factors influencing reluctance to help?

Answer 9

Diffusion of responsibility, Audience inhibition, cost benefit analysis.

Question 10

What is diffusion of response ability?

Answer 10

The belief that if others are present when help is required one or more other people will take responsibility for helping.

Question 11

What is Audience inhibition?

Answer 11

Not helping another person because a fear of appearing foolish in front of others.

Question 12

What is cost benefit analysis?

Answer 12

Weighing up the personal and social costs of helping against the benefits of helping.

Question 13

What are the four aggression theories?

Answer 13

Social learning perspective
Biochemistry perspective
Ethological perspective
Psychodynamic perspective

Question 14

What is the social learning theory?

Answer 14

One of the main ways in which we learn aggression is from watching other people being aggressive and then copying their aggressive behaviour.

Question 15

What is observational learning ?

Answer 15

Involves learning by watching someone else’s behaviour and then modelling or imitating the behaviour

Question 16

We are more likely to imitate behaviour when …

We are less likely to imitate behaviour when …

Answer 16

We observe positive desirable consequences.

We observe negative undesirable consequences.

Question 17

What was the aim of Bandura’s experiment?

Answer 17

They to find out weather children who are passive observers to aggressive acts by an adult will imitate this aggressive behaviour when given an opportunity to do so.

Question 18

What was bandura testing for?

Answer 18

Aggression

Question 19

What is the social learning perspective

Answer 19

It focuses on how we learn aggressive behaviour through our everyday life.

Question 20

What is the process of observational learning?

Answer 20

Pay attention to a models behaviour.
You must remember what is observed.
You must have to ability to reproduce what you saw.
You must be motivated to do the action.
You must have the action reinforced.

Question 21

What is the psychodynamic perspective?

Answer 21

That aggression is a urge or force that builds up within us until it needs to be released.

Question 22

What is the ethological perspective?

Answer 22

Aggression is instinctive and has adaptive and survival functions.

Question 23

What is the biological perspective and it’s influences?

Answer 23

Aggression has a biological basis and is therefore influenced by our genes, biochemistry, and Brian and nervous system.

Influence examples
Genes influences:
your parents are both medium aggressive therefore you are very aggressive

Biochemistry influences:
Suggests that hormones and alcohol effect the brain and causes higher amounts of aggression.

Neutral influences:
Once the hypothalamus and the amygdala are stimulated aggression is activated.