2.6.3 Cellular Organisation Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is a cell?
The smallest unit of life that can live on its own and makes up all living organisms
What is a tissue?
A group of cells working together for a common function
What is the function of Xylem tissue?
To transport water and water-soluble nutrients via roots to target areas
Provide structural support
What is the function of Phloem Tissue ?
To transport sugars and non-water-soluble organic molecules to target areas
What is the structure of the Xylem?
Long cylinders
Made up of Dead tissue
With Open Ends
Thickened with Lignin
One way movement
What is the structure of the Phloem?
Long cylinders
Made up of Living tissue
With Closed Ends (sieve end plates)
Adjacent to Companion Cells
Two way movement
What is the function of Epithelial tissue?
A sheet of cells that serve as a lining or cover for a surface
What are the types of Epithelial tissue?
Squamous
Ciliated
What are Squamous Epithelial Cells used for? (Give two examples)
Creating smooth and flat surfaces
E.g Cheek lining, Blood vessel lining
What are Ciliated Epithelial Cells used for? (Give two exmaples)
Lining structures where mucus from goblet cells must be moved
E.g Trachea, Oviducts
Structure of Squamous and Ciliated Epithelial Cells?
Squamous Epithelial - Very thin, Flattened Nucleus
Ciliated Epithelial - Column-shaped cells with hair-like structures (cilia)
What is the function of Connective tissue?
(Give two examples)
Provide support, Hold structures together
E.g Cartilage, Bone
What is the function of Muscle tissue?
(Give two examples)
Provide Movement via contraction
E.g Bladder, Heart
What is the function of Nervous tissue?
(Give two examples)
Provides Impulse Conduction
E.g Brain, Spinal Cord
What is the function of sperm cell and where are they found?
Reach, penetrate, and fertilise egg cell
Testes
How are Palisade cells specialised for their function?
Dense in chloroplast for higher rate of photosynthesis
How are Root Hair Cells specialised for their function?
Long projections increase surface area to increase rate of osmosis
How are Guard Cells specialised for their function?
They control opening and closing of stomata to regulate rate of transpiration
