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Most Common > Ortho > Flashcards

Ortho Flashcards

0
Q

Most common Salter fx

A

Type II

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1
Q

SALTER

A 
Slipped
Above 
beLow
Through
Ram
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2
Q

MC ages for Salter fracture

A

10-16yo males

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3
Q

MC salter IV

A

Distal humerus

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4
Q

MC salter V

A

Knee and ankle

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5
Q

Ligaments of boutonnière deformity

A

Central slip hood extensor
Lateral bands of extensor hood
PIP in flexion
DIP in extension

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6
Q

Gamekeepers thumb

A

Ulnar collateral ligament
UCL for pincher and grasp
Assoc avulsion fx
Forced radial ABduction of MCP

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7
Q

Mallet finger

A

Extensor tendon disruption at DIP
DIP flexion injury
Avulsion fx base of distal phalanx

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8
Q

Bennett’s fx

A

Ulnar aspect base of thumb at MCP jt

Dislocation subluxation at CMC jt

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9
Q

Rolando fx

A

Comminuted intra-articular base if thumb

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10
Q

Flexion of DIP

A

FDP

flexor digitorum profundus

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11
Q

Flexion of PIP

A

FDS

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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12
Q

MC fx >50

A

Colles
Distal radius
Ulnar styloid common
Dinner fork

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13
Q

Complication if Colles fx

A

Median n injury

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14
Q

Smiths fx

A

Reverse Colles

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15
Q

MC dorsal chip fx if wrist

A

Triquetrum fx
Pain dorsum wrist ulna styloid
Painful to flexion

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16
Q

MC ligamentous injury of hand

A

Scapholunate dislocation
Commonly missed
>3mm widening if scapholunate space

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17
Q

Peri lunate dislocation

A

Capitate displaced

Lunate aligned

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18
Q

Lunate dislocation

A

Capitate aligned

Lunate displaced

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19
Q

MC carpal fx

A

Scaphoid

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20
Q

Tinels sign

A

CTS

Tap volar wrist - paresthesiss

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21
Q

Phalens sign

A

Hyper flex wrist - paresthesia

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22
Q

MC work related injuries

A
  1. CTS

2. DeQuervajns tenosynovitid

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23
Q

Finkelsteins test

A

DeQuervajns

Ulnar deviation of fisted hand pain

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24
Q

G R

U M

A

Galeazzi
distal Radius
Ulnar n injury

Monteggia
prox Ulna
Radial n injury

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25
Q

MCC compartment syndrome in peds

A

Both bone forearm fx

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26
Q

Kanavel’s sign

A

Diffuse fusiform swelling
Pain on palpating proximal sheath
Severe pain on extension
Held in slightly flexed position

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27
Q

Elbow dislocation

A

Ulnar nerve
Brachial a
Posterior
Med epicondyle fx common in kids

28
Q

MC occult elbow fx in adults

A

Radial head fx

29
Q

MC occult elbow fx in children

A

Supra condylar fx

R/o median n injury

30
Q

Anterior humersl line test

A

Bisects middle third if capitellum

31
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A 
SITS
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor 
Subscapularis
32
Q

MC fx in children

A

Clavicle

33
Q

Rotator cuff injuries

A

Unable to AB duct or externally rotate

34
Q

MC hip fx

A

Intertrochanteric

35
Q

Legg Calve Perthes

A

AVN hip
Boys 4-8
PAIN AND LIMP

36
Q

MC cause painf hip in infant

A

Septic arthritis

37
Q

MC cause painful hip in kids

A

Transient Toxic Synovitis

38
Q

MC area for compartment syndrome

A

Anterior tibial compartment

Tibial fx

39
Q

Thompson sign

A

Squeeze calf
Plantar flexion
Achilles intact

40
Q

Achilles’ tendon rupture

A

Thompson sign positive - no plantar flexion on squeeze of calf muscle
Splint in equinus splint, toe point

41
Q

Maisonneuve fx

A

Medial Ankle sprain with prox fib fx

42
Q

MC cspine injury in adults

A

C5/7

43
Q

Unstable cervical fx

A

Jefferson bit off a hangmans thumb

Jefferson burst C1
Bifacet dislocation
Odontoid II and III
Any fx with dislocation 
Hangman fx - posterior element C2
Teardrop fx
44
Q

MC cervical fx in kids

A

Odontoid fx

45
Q

Spinal cord posterior columns

A

Position and vibration sense

46
Q

Spinal cord lateral corticospinal tract

A

Pyramidal

Upper motor neurons

47
Q

Spinal cord anterior horn cells

A

Lower motor neurons

48
Q

Spinal cord anterior spunk thalamus tract

A

Pain and temp sensation

49
Q

Wallenberg brain stem

A

Motor
Face
Opposite arm/leg

50
Q

Brown Sequard

A

Crossed findings below level
Ipsi weakness, loss position vibration
Contra loss pain temperature

51
Q

Anterior cord

A

Complete motor below level
Loss pain temperature below level
Vibration proprioception preserved

52
Q

Central Cord

A

Weakness ARMS»legs
Sacral sparing
Some loss bladder control
Some decreased sensation

53
Q

Transverse Cord

A

Complete loss all sensory and motor
Transverse myelitis
West Nile
Dead crows/bluejays

54
Q

Posterior cord

A

Loss if position vibration
B12 deficiency
Tertiary syphyllis
Trauma extension injury

55
Q

Neurogenic Shock

A

Bradycardia - unopposed parasympathetic

Above T4

Hypotension - rx IVF

Warm, flushed, dry skin
Heat loss=hypothermia

Flaccid paralysis

Loss of reflexes

56
Q

Cauda Equina

A

Bowel bladder dysfunction
Perinatal anesthesia
Bilat sciatica

Measure PVR

57
Q

Predental space

A

<5mm kids

58
Q

Prevertebral space

A

6mm. C2

22mm. C6

59
Q

Wedge fx

A

L1
L2
T12

Unstable if >50% loss anterior body height

60
Q

Pediatric hip problem ages

A

LCP 4-8
Toxic Synovitis 4-10
SCFE 10-16
Septic arthritis any age

61
Q

C5 nerve root

A

Biceps reflex
Deltoid sensory
Deltoid ABduction
Biceps elbow flexion

62
Q

C7 nerve root

A

Triceps reflex
Long finger sensory
Triceps elbow extension

63
Q

C8 nerve root

A

Finger ADDuction

64
Q

C6 nerve root

A

Biceps reflex
Brachioradialis reflex

Thumb index sensory

Biceps elbow flexion
Wrist extensors

65
Q

L4 nerve root

A

Knee jerk

Knee medial leg sensory

Knee extension

66
Q

L5 nerve root

A

Dorsum foot sensory
Big toe sensory

Foot dorsiflexion

67
Q

S1 nerve root

A

Ankle jerk

Lateral foot, sole sensory

Foot plantar flexion

Most Common (11 decks)

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