27 Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mycoses

Question 1

Common fungal infections
Athletes foot
Ringworm of the scalp
Nail infection

Answer 1

.

Question 2

What are Dermatophytoses?

Answer 2

Fungal skin infections

Question 3

What are the genera that cause Dermatophytoses?

Answer 3

Epdermophyton
Trichophyton
Microsporum

Question 4

What are the general properties of Dermatophytoses?

Answer 4

Filamentous fungi with septate hyphae that invade keratinized structures (skin, hair, nails)
Hyphae produce micro- and macro-conidia in lab

Question 5

What are conidia?

wiki

Answer 5

are asexual, non-motile spores of a fungus and are named after the Greek word for dust, konia.

Question 6

Which Dermatophytoses flouresces when exposed to UV light?

Answer 6

Microsporum

Question 7

How do you name Dermatopytoses?

Answer 7

Tinea ____ body part.

Question 8

What is Ectothrix?

What is Endothrix?

Answer 8

Fungal infection of hair from outside or inside.

Question 9

What organism is Tinea Versicolor?

Answer 9

Malassezia furfur

Question 10

What are the general properties of Tinea Versicolor aka Malassezia furfur?

Answer 10

Dimorphic with yeast and hyphae present in infected tissue.

Question 11

What are the clinical features of Tinea Versicolor aka Malassezia furfur?

Answer 11

Hypopigmented areas appear on the skin

Question 12

What organism is Tinea nigra?

Answer 12

Cladosporium werneckii

Question 13

What are the general properties of Tinea Nigra aka Cladosporium werneckii?

Answer 13

Dimorphic with yeast and hyphae present in infected tissue.

Question 14

What are the clinical features of Tinea Nigra aka Cladosporium werneckii?

Answer 14

Brownish spots on skin caused by melanin production by the fungus

Question 15

What is the pathogenesis of Anthrophilic fungi?

Answer 15

Fragments of infected human skin or other superficial tissue come into contact with uninfected hosts. Hyphae invade and spread.

Question 16

What is the source of Zoophilic fungi?

Answer 16

Animals, including pets

Question 17

What is the source of Geophilic fungi?

Answer 17

Soil

Question 18

What type of fungi (Anthro, Zoo, or Geo) is…
T. rubrum?
Microsporum canum?
Cladosporium werneckii?

Answer 18

T: Anthro
M: Zoo
C: Geo

Question 19

What is the Dx of cutaneous fungi?

Answer 19

KOH mounts of clinical specimens are performed to detect fungal elements consistent with clinical picture.
Culture may be necessary for identification of specific macronidia by morphology

Question 20

What is Tx of Cutaneous Mycoses?

Answer 20

Topical anti-fungal creams

Question 21

What is Px for Cutaneous Mycoses?

Answer 21

Avoid exposure
Reduce skin moisture
I.D. the fungus by culture is helpful for I.D. the source fo infection and eliminating the source.

Question 22

What are the natural environments of SUBcutaneous fungi?

Answer 22

Plants
Soil
(not animals)

Question 23

How do SUBcutaneous fungi infect animal host?

Answer 23

Puncture or abrasion

Question 24

What fungus causes Sporotrichosis?

Answer 24

Sporothrix shenkii

Question 25

What are the general properties of Sporothrix shenkii aka Sporotrichosis?

Answer 25

Classical dimorphism growing as yeast in host tissue and hyphae in the environment.

Question 26

What shape are Sporothrix shenkii aka Sporotrichosis as yeast in tissues?

Answer 26

Cigar shaped.

Question 27

What are the pathogenesis and clinical features of Sporothrix shenkii aka Sporotrichosis?

Answer 27

Introduced by puncture | Nodular lesions emanate from site of inoculation.

Question 28

What occurs in immunosuppressed patients that have been infected with Spororthrix shenkii aka Sporotrichosis?

Answer 28

Disseminated infection

Question 29

What fungus cause Chromoblastomycosis?

Answer 29

Several soil fungus termed dematicaceous fungi (fungus with brown to black melanin

Question 30

How does the fungus that causes Chromoblastomycosis infect the host?

Answer 30

Introduced by puncture

Question 31

What are the clinical features of Chromoblastomycosis?

Answer 31

Slow growing wart-like lesions containing brown fungal cells

Question 32

What is Dx of SUBcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 32

KOH mounts may be useful if lesions appear on surface of skin Biopsies followed by histology and culture may be required to demonstrate fungi in infected tissue

Question 33

What is the Tx for SUBcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 33

Oral AZOLE therapy | Surgery may be required

Question 34

What is Px for SUBcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 34

Wear protective clothing when coming into contact with abrasive plant structures