2.7 Genetic Control of Metabolism

Question 1

Genetic control of metabolism

Answer 1

Mutagenesis

Recombinant DNA Technology

Question 2

Role of enzymes

Answer 2

Restriction endonuclease- cuts desired gene out of donor DNA and opens plasmid for insertion

Ligase- seals desired gene into plasmid

Question 3

Restriction endonuclease

Answer 3

Enzyme recognises specific target sequence of DNA bases called restriction site

Cuts out complementary sequences on opposite strand of DNA

Restriction site allows specific genes of interest to be cut out of DNA

DNA cut by restriction endonuclease creates sticky ends at end of DNA strands

DNA in plasmid is cut with same restriction endonuclease

Creates complementary sticky ends (sticky end of gene and plasmid match and slot together)

Question 4

Ligase

Answer 4

Ligase seals target sequence of DNA into plasmid

Forms a recombinant plasmid containing recombinant DNA

Requires use of recombinant plasmids and artificial chromosomes as vectors

Is a DNA molecule carrying foreign genetic information into another cell

Question 5

Plasmids and artificial chromosomes

Answer 5

Plasmid- only carries small quantities of DNA

Artificial chromosome- carries longer DNA sequence

Question 6

Both vectors contain:

Answer 6

Restriction sites

Regulatory sequences

Origin of replication

Selectable markers