unit 2 part 1 vocab

Question 1

demography

Answer 1

the study of population characteristics

Question 2

overpopulation

Answer 2

a situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a standard of living

Question 3

ecumene

Answer 3

the portion of earths surface occupied by permeant earth settlement

Question 4

census

Answer 4

a complete enumeration of a population

Question 5

population distribution

Answer 5

patterns of where people live

Question 6

arithmetic population density

Answer 6

the total number of people divided by the total land area

Question 7

physiological population density

Answer 7

the number of people per unit of area of arable land , which is land suitable for agriculture

Question 8

agricultural density

Answer 8

the ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

Question 9

crude birth rate

Answer 9

total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in society

Question 10

crude death rate

Answer 10

the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in society

Question 11

natural increase rate

Answer 11

% of growth of a population in a year, crude birth rate - crude death rate

Question 12

doubling time

Answer 12

number of years needed to double a population assuming a constant rate of natural increase

Question 13

total fertility rate

Answer 13

average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years

Question 14

life expectancy

Answer 14

average number of years of years an individual can be expected to live

Question 15

population pyramid

Answer 15

a bar graph that represents distribution of population by age and sex

Question 16

dependency ratio

Answer 16

number of people under 15 and over 64 compared to the number of people active in labor force

Question 17

sex ratio

Answer 17

number of males per 100 females in population

Question 18

demographic transition model

Answer 18

process of change in a societies population

Question 19

agricultural revolution

Answer 19

the time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering

Question 20

industrial revolution

Answer 20

a series of improvements in industrial technology that transferred the process of manufactured goods

Question 21

medical revolution

Answer 21

improved medical technology and practices

Question 22

zero population growth

Answer 22

decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero

Question 23

linear growth

Answer 23

grows by same in each time step

Question 24

exponential growth

Answer 24

rate becomes more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size

Question 25

neo-malthusians

Answer 25

advocate for population control programs, to ensure resources for current future population

Question 26

family planning

Answer 26

controlling number of children and intervals between birth

Question 27

epidemiological transition

Answer 27

distinctive causes of death in each stage if demographic transition