Unit 2- Macromolecules

Question 0

What is a product

Answer 0

An ending material in a chemical reaction

Question 1

What is a reactant

Answer 1

A starting material in a chemical reaction

Question 2

What is an enzyme

Answer 2

Protein that functions as a biological catalyst

Question 3

What do enzymes do

Answer 3

Rids poisonous substances

Speeds up reaction

Question 4

What are enzymes made of

Answer 4

Chain of amino acids

Question 5

Where and when do enzymes work best

Answer 5

In the stomach
98.6 degrees f
37 degrees c
pH level of 2

Question 6

What is a substrate

Answer 6

Specific reactant that an enzymes acts on

Fits into region called active site

Question 7

Where is the activation site

Answer 7

Pocket/groove in surface of enzyme formed by amino acids

Question 8

Do enzymes get used up

Answer 8

No. Enzymes are not consumed by reactants they catalyze

Question 9

Role of catalase

Answer 9

Catalyze hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen

Question 10

What type of macromolecule is a saccharide

Answer 10

Carbohydrate

Question 11

What is another name for monosaccharide

Answer 11

Simpler sugar

Disaccharide

Question 12

What is the function of a carbohydrate

Answer 12

Produce energy (#1 source)

Question 13

Example of monosaccharide

Answer 13

Glucose

Honey

Question 14

Formula for glucose

Answer 14

C6H12O6

Question 15

What do you get when you put many monosaccharides together

Answer 15

Polysaccharide

Question 16

Which macromolecule is the main source of energy for life on the planet

Answer 16

Carbohydrate

Question 17

Name the 3 macromolecules that are also nutrients
Subunits
Function
Examples

Answer 17

Protein- amino acids
Ex) eggs milk fish
F(x) build structure, make enzymes

Carbs- CH20
Ex) simple(mono) and complex(poly)sugar
F(x) energy source

Lipids- fatty acids
Ex) butter (saturated) lard (unsaturated)
F(x) store energy, maintain homeostasis, compose cell membrane

Question 18

What is a nutrient

Answer 18

Substance required by body

Question 19

What is the nutrients function

Answer 19

Energy use
Maintain homeostasis
Growth + repair

Question 20

What are the 6 nutrients
Functions
Examples

Answer 20

Protein-build structure, make enzymes
Ex) meat + leafy greens

Fat- store energy, maintain homeostasis, compose cell membrane
Ex) butter lard oils

Carbohydrates- energy source
Ex) starches fiber

H20- distribute essential nutrients, remove toxins
Ex) water lol

Minerals- simple inorganic nutrients that are required
Ex) vitamins

Vitamins- must obtain from diet
Ex) Vitamins ABCDEFG

Question 21

What is the diff between a fat and H20 soluble

Answer 21

Fat- can be stored

H20- cannot be storesd

Question 22

Example of fat and H20 soluble

Answer 22

Vitamins A D E and K

Vitamins C and B

Question 23

What does it mean to be organic

Answer 23

Coming from a plant

Question 24

What is the monomer of a protein

Answer 24

Amino acids (pepsin)

Question 25

What are essential amino acids

Answer 25

Food needed through diet
Ex) eggs milk fish (complete)
Beans rice corn (incomplete)

Question 26

Which type of cholesterol is good

Where do u find it

Answer 26

HDL - clears arteries

In liver

Question 27

What is the most dangerous type of fat

Where do u find it

Answer 27

Saturated

Lard and butter

Question 28

What is the forgotten mineral

Answer 28

Magnesium

Question 29

Why is magnesium important

Answer 29

Produces energy
Adjust cholesterol levels
Release into red blood cells