Chapter 8

Question 0

Members of a pair of homologous chromosomes fail to seperate during meiosis resulting in abnormal sets of chromosomes (xxxx,xxxy,OY)

Answer 0

Nondisjunction

Question 1

Photograph of chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis

Answer 1

Karyotpe

Question 2

A type of inheritance where the heterozygote has a phenotype intermediate to both homozygous

Answer 2

Incomplete Dominance

Question 3

The situation by which two different alleles of a gene are both expressed in an individual

Answer 3

Codominance

Question 4

Traits that are affected by the interactions of many

Answer 4

Polygenic Traits

Question 5

Occurs when there are more than two alleles of a gene in the population

Answer 5

Multiple Allelism

Question 6

The ability of a single gene to cause multiple effects on an individual’s phenotype

Answer 6

Pleiotropy

Question 7

Genes located on the X or Y chromosome

Answer 7

Sex linked chromosomes

Question 8

The inactivation of one of two chromosomes in the XX female

Answer 8

X inactivation

Question 9

Powerful genetic identification technique that takes advantage of differences in DNA sequences between all people other than identical twins

Answer 9

DNA Fingerprinting

Question 10

Used to amplify or produce many copies of a particular region of DNA

Answer 10

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Question 11

The double stranded DNA to be copied

Answer 11

Template

Question 12

The individual building block subunits of DNA

Answer 12

Nucleotides

Question 13

Short single stranded pieces of DNA

Answer 13

Primers

Question 14

DNA polymerase that uses one strand of DNA as a template for the synthesis of a daughter pairs are complementary.

Answer 14

Taq Polymerase

Question 15

The splitting up of the middle of the double helix to produce single strands.

Answer 15

Denatured

Question 16

A monosaccharide sugar in carbohydrates

Answer 16

Glucose

Question 17

A disaccharide sugar in carbohydrates

Answer 17

Sucrose

Question 18

Plant cell walls

Answer 18

Cellulose

Question 19

Exoskeleton of insects, spiders, and lobsters

Answer 19

Chitin

Question 20

Carbohydrates are made up of these three components

Answer 20

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 21

Lipids are made up of these three components

Answer 21

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 22

These fats store energy

Answer 22

Triglycerids

Question 23

Protein is made up of these five components

Answer 23

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Sulfur

Question 24

These accelerate (catalyze) chemical reactions

Answer 24

Enzymes

Question 25

A nucleotide is made up of these three things

Answer 25

Sugar
Phosphate group
Nitrogen base

Question 26

What are the two types of nucleus acids?

Answer 26

DNA

RNA

Question 27

This scientist tested the discovery of transformation with rats. He injected R strains and S strains into rats to test this theory.

Answer 27

Griffith

Question 28

Griffith concluded that…

Answer 28

Genetic material had been transferred from dead S strain cells to live R strain cells transforming them into S strain cells. S strain being dominant to live R cells

Question 29

These three scientists tested Griffiths results and found that when DNA was isolated it was capable of causing transformation

Answer 29

Avery
MacLeod
McCarty

Question 30

Avery retested his experiment because other scientists thought that the _____ in DNA caused the transformation

Answer 30

Proteins

Question 31

These two scientists tested to see if DNA or proteins entered bacterial cells of bacteriophage

Answer 31

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

Question 32

Hershey and chase found that…

Answer 32

DNA enters bacterial cells not protein

Question 33

This scientist found that RNA cores and protein subunits could be reassembled to make particles capable of infecting tobacco leaves.

Answer 33

Fraenkel Conrad