lymphatic

Question 1

what type of tissue is lymphatic

Answer 1

specialized CT

Question 2

what differentiates a secondary from a primary lymph nodule of a lymph node

Answer 2

a lighter-staining germinal center

Question 3

3 germinal center components

Answer 3

dendritic cells (APC’s), macrophages, proliferating B cells, some memory B cells

Question 4

corona components

Answer 4

B-memory cells

Question 5

what does the space between the corona and germinal center contain?

Answer 5

T-helper cells

Question 6

Peyer’s patches

Answer 6

lamina propia of the ileum. permanent nodule. indicates leaky gut. pushes villi into mounds

Question 7

what separates tonsils from the underlying muscle

Answer 7

partial fibrous CT capsule

Question 8

3 non-encapsulated lymph nodule locations

Answer 8

tonsils, appendix, Peyer’s patches (ileum)

Question 9

hilum or hilus

Answer 9

point where blood vessels enter the lymph node, site of efferent lymph vessel

Question 10

order of sinusoids into which lymph flows in a node

Answer 10

1. afferent vessels 2. subcapsular sinus 3. trabecular/corticoid sinus 4. medullary sinus 5. efferent vessel

Question 11

what cells for the sinuses of lymphnodes

Answer 11

reticular CT cells, dendritic cells, macrophages

Question 12

periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS)

Answer 12

surrounding the splenic and trabecular arteries, dense with T-cells

Question 13

high endothelial venule

Answer 13

in deep cortical (adjacent to medulla) region of lymph nodes, cortex/medulla jnct of thymus. a POSTCAPILLARY VENULE recognized by T cells to associate into the THYMUS-DEPENDENT ZONE

Question 14

cell types in the medulla of lymph nodes

Answer 14

B cells, plasma cells (their home for 14 days)

Question 15

where are T helpers in a nodule

Answer 15

between the corona and the germinal center

Question 16

what type of fiber is abundant in lymph nodes

Answer 16

reticular fibers support the lymphocytes

Question 17

where can one find nodules within the lymph node

Answer 17

in the cortex

Question 18

what is the purpose of the thymus

Answer 18

proliferates T cells, sends differentiated but immuno-incompetent T cells out to colonize other lymph organs, programs some T cells

Question 19

The two components of white pulp of the spleen

Answer 19

the PALS (periarticular lymphoid sheath) containing antigen-presenting dendritic cells and T-cells, and the nodules supplied by follicular arteries containing B-cells, plasma cells, IgG’s

Question 20

what is NOT present in the spleen compared with other lymph organs

Answer 20

no afferent lymph vessels

Question 21

what are the components of red pulp

Answer 21

the dilated sinusoid (sinusoidal veins supplied by penicullar arteries) and splenic cords

Question 22

what is unique about splenic sinusoids

Answer 22

they havee basement membranes that form anastomosinng bands around the slitted (leaky) endothelium

Question 23

which lymph organ contains no reticular fibers

Answer 23

thymus - it only has endothelioreticular cells with tight junctions and long cytoplasmic processes

Question 24

how does the thymic cortex restrict any macromolecules from entering

Answer 24

because there is a ring of macrophages between the basal lamina of the endothelium and the basal lamina of the ERC’s AND a continuous ERC layer

Question 25

organization of the thymus

Answer 25

CT CAPSULE: trabeculae that make cortex-containing lobes
CORTEX: outer T-cells inner macrophages supported by thymosin-secreting ERC’s
MEDULLA: continuous through all lobes, containing THYMIC CORPUSCLES of ERC’s that expand with age

Question 26

two functions of lymph nodes

Answer 26

process lymph fluid for antigens and waste, make B and T cells immunocompetent

Question 27

dendritic cells

Answer 27

mildly phagocytotic antigen/antibody complex-presenting cells of the white pulp, Peyer’s Patches, and Lymph nodes

Question 28

predominant cells of the cortex and medulla of lymph nodes

Answer 28

B cells

Question 29

predominant cells of the deep cortex of lymph nodes

Answer 29

T cells