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Medical Terminology > Ch. 4 Terminology > Flashcards

Ch. 4 Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

apnea

A

not breathing

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2
Q

anoxia

A

without oxygen (decrease in tissues)

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3
Q

abnormal

A

pertaining to away from the norm (rule); not regular

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4
Q

abductor

A

one who (muscle which) leads away from the body. To abduct means to carry away by force; kidnap

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5
Q

adductor

A

one who (muscle which) leads towards the body. To admit means to send toward or permit entrance.

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6
Q

adrenal glands

A

Endocrine glands located above (toward) the kidney

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7
Q

anabolism

A

Process of casting (building) up ,aterials (proteins) within cells.

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8
Q

analysis

A

To separate (apart). Psychoanalysis is a psychiatric treatment that explores the minds. Urinalysis is a laboratory examination of urine to aid in daignosis

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9
Q

ante cibum

A

before meals

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10
Q

anteflexion

A

bending forward

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11
Q

antepartum

A

before birth

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12
Q

antibiotic

A

pertaining to against life (germ life)

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13
Q

antibody

A

Protein substance made in the body to destroy foreign antigens.

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14
Q

antigen

A

a substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of antibodies

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15
Q

antitoxin

A

a substance (antibody) produced in response to and capable of neutralizing a toxin (such as those causing diphtheria or tetanus). Antivenin contains antitoxin specific for an animal or insect venom.

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16
Q

autoimmune disease

A

A condition related to making antibodies (immune substance) against one’s own (auto-) cells and tissues.

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17
Q

bifurcation

A

Forking (branching) into two; as the trachea bifurcates into two individual tubes.

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18
Q

bilateral

A

Pertaining to two sides.

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19
Q

bradycardia

A

Condition of slow heartbeat

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20
Q

catabolism

A

Process of casting down materials (sugar) to release energy in cells.

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21
Q

congenital anomaly

A

Irregularity at birth

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22
Q

connective

A

To tie (bind) together. A conference (fer- means to carry to brings) is where people gather together or meet.

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23
Q

contraindication

A

To point out against; as reason why a drug should not be taken.

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24
Q

contralateral

A

Pertaining to the opposite side. Ipsilateral means pertaining to the same side.

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25
dehydration
condition of lack of water
26
diameter
To measure through; as the diameter of a circle
27
diarrhea
to flow through; water is not properly absorbed through the walls of the colon
28
dialysis
Complete separation; two types are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
29
dyspnea
Difficult breathing
30
dysplasia
Abnormal (bad) development of formation
31
ectopic pregnancy
Pregnancy out of the normal place. (usually in the fallopian tubes)
32
endocardium
Inner lining (membrane) of the heart
33
endscope
Instrument to view within the body; gastroscope, bronchoscope, laparoscope
34
endotracheal
Pertaining to within the trachea
35
epithelium
Skin cell; literally, "upon the nipple"
36
euphoria
Good feeling, "high". A eulogy is a speech saying good things about a person after his/her death.
37
euthyroid
Normal thyroid functions.
38
exophthalmos
Eyeballs that protrude
39
hemiglossectomy
Removal of half the tongue
40
hyperglycmia
Increase in blood sugar
41
hyperplasia
Condition of increased formation (increase in number of cells)
42
hypertrophy
Increase in development; increase in size of cells.
43
hypodermic injection
Use of a needle and syringe to force liquid under the skin.
44
hypoglycemia
decrease in blood sugar
45
insomniac
Pertaining to inability to sleep
46
incision
Process of cutting into; sectioning
47
infracostal
Pertaining to below the ribs
48
intravenous
Pertaining to within a vein
49
macrocephaly
Pertaining to an enlarged head; a congenital anomaly.
50
malignant
Harmful, bad; cancerous condition
51
malaise
Feeling of discomfort; "bad feeling"
52
metacarpal bones
Five hand bones (beyond the wrist)
53
metamorphosis
Condition of change of shape or form. A worm-like larva undergoes a change in shape to become a butterfly. This is an example of a metamorphosis
54
metastasis
Beyond control; spreading of a malignant tumor.
55
microscope
Instrument to view small objects.
56
neonatal
Pertaining to a newborn (infant)
57
neoplasm
New growth; new formation (tumor)
58
pancytopenia
Condition of decrease in all cells (blood cells)
59
paralysis
Abnormal destruction (of nerves) leading to loss of muscle function.
60
parathyroid glands
Endocrine glands located near (on the dorsal side of) the thyroid gland. a paramedic works beside and assists a doctor; also called an emergency medical technician (EMT). A parasite (-site means gain of food) is an organism that feeds and lives on or within another organism. Lice, ticks, and fleas are examples of parasites.
61
percutaneous
pertaining to through the skin
62
pericardium
membrane surrounding the heart
63
periosteum
membrane surrounding the bone
64
polymorphonuclear
pertaining to a many-shaped nucleus; a type of with blood cell
65
polyneuritis
Inflammation of many nerves
66
postmortem
after death
67
postpartum
after childbirth; this most often refers to the mother
68
precancerous
Pertaining to before cancer; a lesion that may become cancerous
69
prenatal
Pertaining to before birth
70
prodrome
Signs and symptoms that appear before the onset of a more serve illness
71
prolapse
sliding forward or downward
72
prosthesis
Artificial limb or part of the body (literally, to put or place forward)
73
relapse
A sliding back; recurrence of symptoms of disease
74
remission
to send back; disappearance of symptoms of disease
75
recombinant DNA
Inserting a gene (region of DNA) from one organism into the DNA of another organism.
76
retroperitoneal
Pertaining to behind the peritoneum
77
retroflexion
bending backward
78
subcutaneous
pertaining to under the skin
79
suprapubic
pertaining to above the pubic bone (part of the pelvis)
80
syndactyly
Condition of webbed (held together) fingers or toes; a congenital anomaly
81
synthesis
to put or place together as in protein synthesis or photosynthesis
82
syndrome
a group of symptoms that run (occur) together. In synchrony means timed (chron/o) together
83
symbiosis
condition of state of "life together"; two organisms living together for mutual benefit or not (parasitism)
84
symmetry
state of "measurement together"; equality of parts' mirror images.
85
symphysis
to grow together; bones that grow together at the joint
86
tachypnea
Rapid breathing
87
transfusion
to pour across, as in transferring blood from one person to another
88
transurethral
pertaining to through the urethra
89
ultrasonography
process of recording ultrasound (beyond the normal range) waves.
90
unilateral
pertaining to one side

Medical Terminology (31 decks)

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