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Med Terms > Ch. 13 & 14 > Flashcards

Ch. 13 & 14 Flashcards

0
Q

Antigen

A

Stimulates production of antibody

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1
Q

Albumin

A

Protein in blood- maintains proper amt of water in blood

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2
Q

Basophils

A

White blood cell containing granules that stain blue

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3
Q

Bilirubin

A

Pigment in bile

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4
Q

Coagulation

A

Blood clotting

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5
Q

Colony stimulating factor

A

Protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

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6
Q

Differentiation

A

Change in and structure and fx of a cell as if matures

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7
Q

Electrophoresis

A

Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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8
Q

Eosinophil

A

White blood cell containing granules that stain red- associated with allergic rxs

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9
Q

Erythroblast

A

Immature rbc

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10
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Hormone secreted by kidneys that stimulates rbc formation

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11
Q

Fibrin

A

Protein that forms basis of a blood clot

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12
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in clotting process

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13
Q

Globulin

A

Plasma protein- alpha, beta, gamma

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14
Q

Granulocyte

A

White blood cell with numerous dark staining granules- eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophils

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15
Q

Hematopoietic stem cell

A

Cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

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16
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Blood protein containing iron- carries oxygen in rbc

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17
Q

Hemolysis

A

Destruction of breakdown of blood

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18
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

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19
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

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20
Q

Macrophage

A

Monocytes that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces- destroys worn out rbc

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21
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

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22
Q

Monocytes

A

Leukocyte with one large nucleus- engulfs foreign material and debris

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23
Q

Mononuclear

A

Pertaining to a cell with single round nucleus

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24
Q

Myeloblast

A

Immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

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25
Q

Neutrophil

A

Tissue fighting cell- formed in bone marrow

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26
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid portion of blood

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27
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

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28
Q

Platelet

A

Small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin clotting process

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29
Q

Polymorphonuclear

A

Pertaining to a white blood cell with a multi-lobed

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30
Q

Prothrombin

A

Plasma protein

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31
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Immature erythrocytes

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32
Q

Rh factor

A

Antigen on rbc of rh positive individuals

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33
Q

Serum

A

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells

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34
Q

Stem cell

A

Unspecialized cell

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35
Q

Thrombin

A

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

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36
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Platelet

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37
Q

Base

A

Bas/o

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38
Q

Color

A

Chrom/o

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39
Q

Clotting(CF)

A

Coagul/o

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40
Q

Red, dawn, rosy

A

Eosin/o

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41
Q

Granules

A

Granul/o

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42
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Hemoglobin/o

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43
Q

Same, equal

A

Is/o

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44
Q

Nucleus

A

Kary/o

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45
Q

One,single

A

Mon/o

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46
Q

Shape,form

A

Morph/o

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47
Q

Bone marrow

A

Myel/o

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48
Q

Neutral

A

Neutr/o

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49
Q

Eat,swallow

A

Phag/o

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50
Q

Varied, irregular

A

Poikil/o

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51
Q

Iron

A

Sider/o

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52
Q

Globe,round

A

Spher/o

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53
Q

Removal, a carrying away

A

-apheresis

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54
Q

Immature cell, embryonic (suf)

A

-blast

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55
Q

Abnormal condition of cells (suf)

A

-cytosis

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56
Q

Blood condition

A

-emia

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57
Q

Giving rise to, producing

A

-gen

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58
Q

Protein(suf)

A
  • globin

- globulin

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59
Q

Pertaining to destruction (suf)

A

-lytic

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60
Q

Derived of originating from (suf)

A

-oid

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61
Q

Abnormal condition (suf)

A

-osis

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62
Q

Attraction for (an increase in cell numbers) (s)

A

-philia

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63
Q

Carrying, transmission(s)

A

-phoresis

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64
Q

Formation (s)

A

-poiesis

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65
Q

Stop, control (s)

A

-stasis

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66
Q

Eat, swallow (s)

A

-phage

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67
Q

Dyscrasia

A

Disease

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68
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

Failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

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69
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

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70
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin b12 into the bloodstream

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71
Q

Thalassemia

A

Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin, leading to hypochromia

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72
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

Excess iron deposits throughout the body

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73
Q

Polycythemia Vera

A

General increase in red blood cells (erytheremia)

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74
Q

Hemophilia

A

Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of blood clotting factors necessary for blood clotting

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75
Q

Purpura

A

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

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76
Q

Remission

A

Disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease

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77
Q

Relapse

A

Disease signs and symptoms reappear

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78
Q

Granulocytosis

A

Abnormal increase in granulocytes in blood

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79
Q

Mononucleosis

A

Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

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80
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow

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81
Q

Anti globulin test(Coombs test)

A

Test for presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes

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82
Q

Bleeding time

A

Time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound

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83
Q

Coagulation time

A

Time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube

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84
Q

Complete blood count (CBC)

A

Determination of numbers of blood cells

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85
Q

Erythrocytes sedimentation rate

A

Speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

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86
Q

Hemocrit (Hct)

A

Percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood

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87
Q

Hemoglobin test

A

Total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood

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88
Q

Platelet count

A

Number of platelets per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

89
Q

Prothrombin time (PT)

A

Test of the ability of blood to clot

90
Q

Red blood cell count (RBC)

A

Number of erythrocytes per mm3 or uL of blood

91
Q

Red blood cell morphology

A

Microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red cells

92
Q

White blood cell count (WBC)

A

Number of leukocytes per cubic milliliter or uL of blood

93
Q

White blood cell differential count

A

Percentages of different types of leukocytes in blood

94
Q

Apheresis

A

Separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood

95
Q

Blood transfusion

A

Whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient

96
Q

Bone marrow biopsy

A

Microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle

97
Q

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

A

Peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered to a recipient

98
Q

Ab

A

Antibody

99
Q

ABMT

A

Autologous bone marrow transplantation

100
Q

ABO

A

Four main blood types A,B,AB,O

101
Q

ALL

A

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

102
Q

AML

A

Acute myelogenous leukemia

103
Q

ANC

A

Absolute neutrophil count

104
Q

ASCT

A

Autologous stem cell transplantation

105
Q

Bands

A

Immature white blood cells

106
Q

Baso

A

Basophils

107
Q

BMT

A

Bone marrow transplantation

108
Q

CBC

A

Complete blood count

109
Q

CLL

A

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

110
Q

CML

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

111
Q

DIC

A

Disseminated intravascular

112
Q

Diff

A

Differential count

113
Q

EBV

A

Epstein-Barr virus

114
Q

eos

A

Eosinophils

115
Q

EPO

A

Erythropoietin

116
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocytes sedimentation rate

117
Q

Fe

A

Iron

118
Q

G-CSF

A

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

119
Q

GM-CSF

A

Granulocyte-macrophage colony

120
Q

g/dL

A

Gram per deciliter

121
Q

GVHD

A

Graft versus host disease

122
Q

HCL

A

Hairy cell leukemia

123
Q

Hct

A

Hematocrit

124
Q

Hgb, HGB

A

Hemoglobin

125
Q

H and H

A

Hemoglobin and hematocrit

126
Q

HLA

A

Human leukocyte antigen

127
Q

IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

A

Immunoglobulins

128
Q

Lymphs

A

Lymphocyte

129
Q

MCH

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin

130
Q

MCHC

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

131
Q

MCV

A

Mean corpuscular volume

132
Q

MDS

A

Myelodysplastic syndrome

133
Q

mm3

A

Cubic millimeter

134
Q

Mono

A

Monocytes

135
Q

polys, PMNs, PMNLs

A

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

136
Q

PT, pro time

A

Prothrombin time

137
Q

PTT

A

Partial thromboplastin time

138
Q

RBC

A

Red blood cell

139
Q

sed rate

A

Erythrocytes sedimentation rate

140
Q

segs

A

Segmented,mature white blood cells

141
Q

SMAC

A

Sequential multiple analyzer computer

142
Q

WNL

A

Within normal limits

143
Q

Adaptive immunity

A

Ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them

144
Q

Adenoids

A

Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx

145
Q

Antibody

A

Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens

146
Q

Antigen

A

Substance that the body recognizes as foreign- leads to immune response

147
Q

Axillary nodes

A

Lymph nodes in the armpit

148
Q

B cell

A

Lymphocyte that matures into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies

149
Q

Cell-mediated immunity

A

T cells that respond to antigens and destroy them

150
Q

Cervical nodes

A

Lymph nodes in the neck region

151
Q

Complement system

A

Proteins in the blood that help antibodies kill their target

152
Q

Cytokines

A

Proteins secrete by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction

153
Q

Cytotoxic T cell

A

Lymphocyte that directly kills antigens

154
Q

Dendritic cell

A

Antigen- presenting cell

155
Q

Helper T cell

A

Lymphocyte that aids B cells and stimulates T cells

156
Q

Humoral immunity

A

B cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens

157
Q

Immunity

A

Body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that damage tissues and organs

158
Q

Immunoglobulins

A

Secrete in response to the presence of an antigen

159
Q

Immunotherapy

A

Use of immune cells,antibodies or vaccines to treat or prevent disease

160
Q

Inguinal nodes

A

Lymph nodes in the groin region

161
Q

Interferons

A

Proteins secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate immune response

162
Q

Interleukins

A

Proteins that stimulate the growth of b and t lymphocytes

163
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

Fluid in the spaces between cells

164
Q

Lymph

A

Thin, watery fluid found with lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body

165
Q

Lymph capillaries

A

Tiniest lymphatic vessels

166
Q

Lymphoid organs

A

Lymph nodes, spleen,thymus gland

167
Q

Lymph node

A

Collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels

168
Q

Lymph vessel

A

Carrier of lymph throughout the body

169
Q

Macrophage

A

Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body

170
Q

Mediastinal nodes

A

Lymph nodes in the area between the lungs In the chest

171
Q

Mesenteric nodes

A

Lymph nodes in the intestinal region

172
Q

Monoclonal antibody

A

Antibody produced in a lab to attack antigens and to destroy cells

173
Q

Natural immunity

A

Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection

174
Q

Para aortic nodes

A

Lymph nodes near aorta in lumbar area of body

175
Q

Plasma cell

A

Lymphocyte that secretes antibodies

176
Q

Right lymphatic duct

A

Lymphatic vessel in the chest that drains lymph from the upper right part of body

177
Q

Spleen

A

Destroys worn out rbc

178
Q

Suppressor T cell

A

Lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of b and T cells

179
Q

T cell

A

Lymphocyte that acts directly on antigens to destroy them

180
Q

Tolerance

A

The ability of t lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as self or friendly

181
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Large lymphatic vessel that drains lymph from the lower and left side of the body

182
Q

Thymus gland

A

Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response

183
Q

Lymph node (CF)

A

Lymphaden/o

184
Q

Thymus gland

A

Thym/o

185
Q

Again, anew (p)

A

Ana-

186
Q

Between (p)

A

Inter-

187
Q

Wasting syndrome

A

Weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite and mental activity

188
Q

Atopy

A

Hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition

189
Q

CD4 and cell count

A

Measures the number of these cells in bloodstream of patients with AIDS

190
Q

Hodgkin disease

A

Malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes

191
Q

Kaposi syndrome

A

Malignant lesion associate with aids- arises from lining of capillaries and damp pears as red purple,,,

192
Q

Opportunistic infections

A

HIV lowers body’s resistance and allows infection by bacteria- infectious disease associated with AIDS

193
Q

Protease inhibitor

A

Drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production new viral pieces for HIV (protease)

194
Q

Reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI)

A

Treats aids- blocks enzyme needed to make copies of HIV

195
Q

ELISA

A

Screening test to detect anti HIV antibodies in bloodstream

196
Q

Immunoelectrophoresis

A

Test that separates immuno.

197
Q

Viral load test

A

Measurement of the amount of AIDS virus in the bloodstream

198
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

199
Q

CD4 + cell

A

Helper T cell

200
Q

CD8+cell

A

Cytotoxic T cell

201
Q

CMV

A

Cytomegalovirus

202
Q

Crypto

A

Cryptococcus- causes aids related infection

203
Q

ELISA (abbrev)

A

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

204
Q

HAART

A

Highly active antiretroviral therapy

205
Q

HD

A

Hodgkin disease

206
Q

Histo

A

Histoplasmosis

207
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

208
Q

HSV

A

Herpes simplex virus

209
Q

IL1-IL15

A

Interleukins

210
Q

KS

A

Kaposi sarcoma

211
Q

MAI

A

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex- group of pathogens that cause lung and systemic disease in immunocompromised patients

212
Q

MoAb

A

Monoclonal antibody

213
Q

NHL

A

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

214
Q

PCP

A

Pneumocystis pneumonia- aids related infection

215
Q

PI

A

Protease inhibitor

216
Q

RTI

A

Reverse transcriptase inhibitor

217
Q

SCID

A

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease

218
Q

Treg

A

Regulatory T cell

219
Q

Toxo

A

Toxoplasmosis - parasitic infection associated with aids

Med Terms (18 decks)

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