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ID antibiotics Flashcards

0
Q

Aminoglycoside drugs

A

Gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, streptomycin, neomycin, mupirocin

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1
Q

30s protein synthesis inhibitors

A

TAG
tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Glycylcylcines

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2
Q

Tetracyclines drugs

A

Tetracyclines, doxycycline, minocycline, methacycline

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3
Q

Glycylcylcine drug

A

Tigecycline (Tygacil)

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4
Q

50S protein synthesis inhibitors

A

Macrolides, ketolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, chloramphenicol, oxazolidinone

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5
Q

Macrolide drugs

A

ACE

azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin

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6
Q

Ketolides drug

A

Telithromycin

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7
Q

Lincosamides drug

A

Clindamycin

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8
Q

Streptogramins drugs

A

Quinupristin (B) + dalfopristin (A)

Synercid

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9
Q

Oxazolidinone drug

A

Linezolid

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10
Q

Nuclei acid inhibitors

A

Quinolones, nitrofurans, nitromidazoles, rifamycins, antimetabolites (sulfas, folate analogs, TMP), macrocyclines

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11
Q

Quinolone drugs

A

-floxacins

Cipro, levo, moxi, gemi, oflaxacin

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12
Q

Nitrofurans drugs

A

Nitrofurantoin
Macrobid- bid
Macrodamtin- qid

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13
Q

Nitromidazoles

A

Metronidazole (flagyl)

Tinidazole

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14
Q

Rifamycins drugs

A

Rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, rifaximin

Red/orange body fluids!!!

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15
Q

Antimetabolites

A

SMZ, sulfisoxazole, sulfadiazine, dapsone, TMP

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16
Q

Macrocyclines

A

Fidaxomicin (Dificid)

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17
Q

Cell membrane inhibitors

A

Lipopeptides, polymixins

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18
Q

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

A

Glycopeptides, beta lactams ( penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams)

19
Q

Lipopeptide drug

A

Daptomycin (Cubicin)

20
Q

Polymyxin drugs

A

Polymyxin B, clolistin ( polymyxin E, colistimethate)

21
Q

Glycopeptide drugs

A

Vancomycin, telavancin

22
Q

Aminoglycoside MOA

A 
protein sythesis inhibitor 30S
Interfere with initiation 
Premature termination 
Incorporate wrong AA
2*-cell membrane permeability
23
Q

Aminoglycoside coverage

A

Bactericidal
Narrow
Aerobic G-
Strepto- 2nd line for TB
Gent- best G-; do NOT use for neisseria or legionella
Tobra- >gent on pseudomonas. Nebulized CF
Complicated UTIs

24
Q

Tetracycline MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors 30S

Block access of aminoacyl tRNA-A site

25
Q

Tetracycline coverage

A 
Bacteriostatic
Broad 
G+, G-, anaerobe, aerobe 
Doxy- CA-MRSA
Mino- can enter CSF
26
Q

Glycylcylcines MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors 30S

Block access of aminoacyl tRNA-A site

27
Q

Glycylcylcines coverage

A

Bacteriostatic
Broad
G+, G-, anaerobes, atypicals, E. Coli, MRSA-CA & HA
Protects from typical TC resistance

28
Q

Macrolide MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S
Block exit tunnel -> inhibits P & A sites
Still allows peptide bond formation

29
Q

Macrolide coverage

A

Bacteriostatic (cidal at high conc)
E: G+/G-
C: > staph/strep, H. Influenzae, >atypicals
A: < Staph/strep, >G-, > resp (H. Influenzae) CAP

30
Q

Ketolide MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors 50S
Bind 2 separate areas:
Exit tunnel & 50S subunit by side chain

31
Q

Ketolide coverage

A

Bactericidal
Broad
Atypicals, CAP, G+ staph/strep, >G-resp

32
Q

Lincosamides MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S
Exit tunnel-> A/P back up
Prodrug

33
Q

Lincosamides coverage

A

Preferred for G+/G- anaerobes (not c. Diff), parasitic, CA-MRSA

34
Q

Streptogramins MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors 50S
Q: exit tunnel, inhibits elongation
D: binds nearby & enhances Q

35
Q

Streptogramins coverage

A

Bactericidal

Resistant G+ (PRSA, HA-MRSA, VRE-facium), some atypicals

36
Q

Chloramphenicol MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S

Block binding end of tRNA to ribosome (peptidyltransferase can’t occur) PEPTIDE BOND NOT MADE

37
Q

Chloramphenicol coverage

A

Bacteriostatic (cidal at high conc)
Broad
G+,G-, anaerobes, atypicals

38
Q

Oxazolidinones MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S
Binds peptidyltranferase site but interferes with formation of 70S
met-tRNA initiation complex
(Not elongation)

39
Q

Oxazolidinones coverage

A

Aerobic G+, HA-MRSA,PRSP, VRE

NOT E. Coli- intrinsic efflux pumps

40
Q

Quinolones MOA

A

Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor
Bactericidal
Inhibit DNA gyrase & topoisomerase

41
Q

Quinolones coverage

A 
G-: UTI, prostatitis 
Moxi- anaerobes 
Cipro- > G-, <G-
Pseudomonas- cipro, levo, oflox
Strep pneumo- levo, moxi, gemi 
Malaria, atypicals
42
Q

Nitrofurans MOA

A

Nucleic acid inhibitor

Bacteria enzymatically reduce NO2-> inhibit bacterial enzymes->damage DNA

43
Q

Nitrofuran coverage

A

Bacteriostatic, cidal at high

E. Coli, staph saprophyticus

44
Q

Nitromidazoles MOA

A

nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor

NO2 group reduced. Recycle parent drug

45
Q

Nitromidazoles coverage

A

Bactericidal
low O2, anaerobes- c. Diff, bactericides
Cross eCSF
Disulfiram effect

ID (9 decks)

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