Chapter 2

Question 1

Answer 1

1. Motivation
2. Ability
3. Role perceptions
4. Situational factors

Question 2

Answer 2

1. Task performance
2. Organizational citizenship
3. Counterproductive work behaviour
4. Joining and staying with the organization
5. Maintaining work attendance

Question 3

CANOE

Answer 3

1. Conscientiousness
2. Agreeableness
3. Neuroticism
4. Openness to experiences
5. Extroversion

Question 4

Answer 4

1. Self-transcendence
2. Conservation
3. Self-enhancement
4. Openness to change

Question 5

Ability

Answer 5

The natural aptitudes and learned capabilities required to successfully complete a task.

Question 6

Achievement-nurturing Orientation

Answer 6

A crosscultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture emphasize competitive versus cooperative relations with other people.

Question 7

Collectivism

Answer 7

A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture emphasize duty to groups to which they belong, and to group harmony.

Question 8

Competencies

Answer 8

Skills, knowledge, aptitudes, and other personal characteristics that lead to superior performance

Question 9

Conscientiousness

Answer 9

A personality dimension describing people who are careful, dependable, and self-disciplined.

Question 10

ethical sensitivity

Answer 10

A personal characteristic that enables people to recognize the presence of an ethical issue and determine its relative importance.

Question 11

evidence-based management

Answer 11

The practice of making decisions and taking actions based on research evidence.

Question 12

extroversion

Answer 12

A personality dimension describing people who are outgoing, talkative, sociable, and assertive.

Question 13

individualism

Answer 13

A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture emphasize independence and personal uniqueness.

Question 14

moral intensity

Answer 14

The degree to which an issue demands the application of ethical principles.

Question 15

motivation

Answer 15

The forces within a person that affect his or her direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behaviour.

Question 16

neuroticism

Answer 16

A personality dimension describing people with high levels of anxiety, hostility, depression, and self-consciousness.

Question 17

power distance

Answer 17

A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture accept unequal distribution of power in a society.

Question 18

personality

Answer 18

The relatively enduring pattern of thoughts, emotions, and behaviours that characterize a person, along with the psychological processes behind those characteristics.

External traits - Observable behaviours

Internal states - thoughts, values

Question 19

presenteeism

Answer 19

Attending scheduled work when one’s capacity to perform is significantly diminished by illness or other factors.

Question 20

role perceptions

Answer 20

The extent to which people understand the job duties (roles) assigned to or expected of them.

Question 21

uncertainty avoidance

Answer 21

A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture tolerate ambiguity (low uncertainty avoidance) or feel threatened by ambiguity and uncertainty (high uncertainty avoidance).

Question 22

Task Performance

Answer 22

Goal-Directed behaviours under person’s control

Question 23

Organizational Citizenship

Answer 23

Contextual performance - cooperation and helpfulness beyond required job duties

Question 24

Counterproductive Work Behaviours

Answer 24

Voluntary behaviours that potentially harm the organization

Question 25

Joining/staying with the Organization

Answer 25

Agreeing to employment relationship; remaining in that relationship

Question 26

Maintaining Work Attendance

Answer 26

Attending work at required times

Question 27

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Answer 27

Question 28

Nature vs Nurture

Answer 28

Nature - Heredity (genes)

Nurture - socialization, life experiences, learning (taught)

Question 29

Three Ethical Principles

Answer 29

Utilitarianism - Greatest good for the greatest number of people

Individual Rights - Fundamental entitlements in society

Distributive Justice - People who are similar should recieve similar benefits

Question 30

Moral Intensity

Answer 30

Degree that issue demands ethical principles

Question 31

Ethical Sensitivity

Answer 31

Ability to recognize the presence and determine the relative importance of an ethical issue

Question 32

Situational influences

Answer 32

Competitive pressures and other conditions affect ethical behaviour

Question 33

Three Value Congruences

Answer 33

1. We can think of specific reasons for doing so
2. When the situation supports those values
3. When we actively think about them