Mesa Flashcards
The healing and then thickening of what layer of vessels often leads to stenosis?
Intima
What are the major modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis?
modifiable:
- hyperlipidemia
- HTN
- cigarette smoking
- DM
Non-modifiable
- age
- male gender
- fm Hx
- genetic abnormalities
What are the minor risk factors for atherosclerosis?
- obesity
- physical inactivity
- stress
- post menopausal estrogen deficiency
- high carb intake
- EtOH
- lipoprotein
- transfat intake
- chlamydia
What does the histology of benign HTN show? Malignant HTN?
hyaline arteriolosclerosis
hyperplastic=malignant==> onion skinning of the arteriole wall
Where do most AAA’s occur?
between the renal arteries and the bifurcation of the aorta
Where does an AI aortic dissection begin and go to?
begin at the aortic arch prior to the great vessel and continues beyond the great vessels
What are some characteristics of Temporal Giant Cell Arteritis?
- granulomatous wall inflammation
- common in the people >50 yo
- blindness can happen
- giant cell involvement,
- arteries of the head
Who is normally affected by Takayasu Arteritis? where is this normally?
Asian women <50 yo
granulomatous arteritis of aorta and its major branches
found in the aortic arch often
necrosis, also has giant cells
What is the typical presentation of Kawasaki disease?
leading cause of acquired heart disease in kids <4.
- affects coronary arteries (thickening of intima)
- red tongue, rash on hands and feet
- tx: give IVIG and ASA
- associated with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
What is thrombophlebitis? What is its most important complication?
> 90% involve DVTs
PE is the most feared complication
comes from prolonged immobility
What type of vascular tumor is AIDS often associated with?
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (intermediate–> rarely metastasize)
spindle cell lesions
endothelial malignant cells
What is the severity of angiosarcoma?
malignant
frequent and early metastasis
