Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Cumulative Exam Study Guide > Cell Structure And Cell Function > Flashcards

Cell Structure And Cell Function Flashcards

0
Q

Anton Von Leeuhwenhoek

A

Observed unicellular organisms in pond water for the first time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Robert Hooke

A

Looked at slices of cork

Deceived as chamber “cells”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cell theory

A

All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Schleiden

A

All plants are composed of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Schwann

A

All animals are composed of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Difference between animal and plant cells

A

Plant cells have cell walls, central vacuoles, and chloroplasts

Animals have small vacuoles and no cell walls or chloroplasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls most cellular processes

Contains nearly all of cell’s DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ribosomes

A

Assemble proteins

Free floating or attached to ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rough ER

A

Ribosomes on surface
Protein synthesis
That are chemically modified then released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Smooth ER

A

No ribosomes
Synthesis of membrane lipids (smooth)
Detoxification of drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the ER

Products stored or exported out cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lysosomes

A

Contain enzymes that digest lipids, carbs, and proteins

Monomers reused by cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Peroxisome

A

Contain enzymes that digest toxic substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

A network of protein filaments(micro tubules and micro filaments) that help the cell move and maintain its shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mitochondria

A

Convert chemical energy in to usable ATP
Site of cellular respiration
Inherited from mother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vacuoles

A

Stores water, salts, proteins, and carbs

Large in plants for support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vesicles

A

Small membrane surrounded structures used to transport molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Create and store usable energy through process of photosynthesis

18
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides cell with rigid structure

Made of cellulose and is porous

19
Q

Selectively permeable membrane

A

Only certain particles can diffuse

20
Q

What limits a cell’s size?

A

Surface area to volume ratio
Nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio
Fragility of cell
Mechanical structure

21
Q

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic cells

Pro

A 
Pro: 
No nucleus-nucleoid contains DNA
Few organelles 
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Ribosomes 
Capsule
Cytoplasm
Pilli, cilia, and flagellum 
Small in size
22
Q

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic cells

Eu

A

Nucleus
Many organelles
Large in size
Multicellular or unicellular

23
Q

Stem cells

A

Undifferentiated calls that have the potential to become any type of specialized cell

24
Q

Types of stem cells

A

Sperm-fertilizes egg, moving flagellum
Red blood cell-carries oxygen from lungs to tissues
White blood cells-immune system helps fight infection
Muscle cells- muscle movement lots of mitochondria
Nerve cells- send messages throughout body parts to brain long cells
Xylem- transports water and minerals one way movement
Phloem- transports sugar two way movement

25
Q

Stage and stage clip

A

Flat plate where the slides are placed for observation clips on

26
Q

Diaphragm

A

A five hole disc placed under the stage

27
Q

Objective

A

Lens closest to the object

28
Q

Eyepiece

A

Lens at the top of the microscope

You look into it

29
Q

Coarse and fine adjustment

A

C: the rough focus knob
F: used to fine tune the focus

30
Q

Light source

A

A lightbulb that provides the light for viewing the image

31
Q

Total magnification

A

Eyepiece times objective

32
Q

You move slide one way (left) which way will it move through eyepiece?

A

Moves opposite way (right)

Image is rotated 180degrees

33
Q

Advantages of using electron microscope over light microscope

A

Powerful magnification
Many applications
Possible to see three dimensional external shape
Higher resolution

34
Q

Coccus

A

Circular bacteria

35
Q

Bacillus

A

Rod shaped bacteria

36
Q

Spirilla

A

Spiral shaped bacteria

37
Q

Amoebas

A

Pseudopod

Contractile vacuole

38
Q

Paramecium

A

Cilia
Contractile vacuole
Two nuclei: macro nucleus and micro nucleus(metabolism and reproduction)

39
Q

Euglena

A

Contractile vacuoles
flagellum
Chloroplast
Eyespot

40
Q

Pseudopod

A

False foot for movement

41
Q

Contractile vacuole

A

For pumping water out when in a hypotonic environment

42
Q

Eyespot

A

For detecting light

Biology Cumulative Exam Study Guide (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions