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Chpt 29 > 29 Periodontics And Coronal Polishing > Flashcards

29 Periodontics And Coronal Polishing Flashcards

(70 cards)

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0
Q

Periodontium

A

Tissue that supports the teeth

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1
Q

Three out of four adults will exsperence

A

Periodontal problems to some degree in their lives.

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2
Q

Epithelial attachment

A

Area at the bottom of the sulcus where the gingiva attaches to the tooth.

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3
Q

Sulcus

A

Space between the tooth and free gingiva.

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4
Q

A healthy sulcus is

A

1 to 3 mm deep

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5
Q

Symptoms of periodontal disease

A

Bleeding, loose teeth, inflammation, abnormal contour of the gingiva, periodontal pocket formation, malocclusion , halitosis, pain and tenderness, recession and discoloration.

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6
Q

Calculus

A

Hard deposits, yellow or brown. Formed from bacterial plaque

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7
Q

Bruxism

A

Grinding of teeth, can be caused by strees

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8
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gingival tissue

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9
Q

Periodontitis

A

Formation of periodontal pockets

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10
Q

Furcation

A

Are where roots divide are visible

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11
Q

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis NUG

A

Accurs most in young adults 16 to 30,

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12
Q

Tooth mobility

A

Movement of tooth within the socket 1-3 three being bad

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13
Q

Recession

A

Loss of gingival tissue exposing cementum/ dentin usually seen on the facial surface

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14
Q

Gingival cleft

A

Fissure or elongated opening that extends toward the root of the tooth. The margin of the gingiva forms a V instead of smooth rounded border.

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15
Q

Occlusal equilibration

A

Removal of area showing excessive force. Burs,discs and stones are used to reduce and restore occlusion

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16
Q

Vertical bone resorption

A

Found on individual teeth on the interproximal surface.

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17
Q

Horizontal bone resorption

A

Equal crestfallen bone loss on medial and distal surface of proximal teeth

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18
Q

Instrument sharpening

A

Manually such as sharpening stones or mechanically which is more expensive.

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19
Q

After use sharpening stones are

A

Cleaned by scrubbing with stiff brush, soap and water or cleaned ultra sonically and then sterilized properly.

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20
Q

Curette

A

Hand held instrument used for removing sub gingival calculus

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21
Q

Scalers

A

Sharp instrument used to remove hard deposites such as super gingival ( above) or sub gingival ( below)

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22
Q

Sickle scalers

A

Two cutting edge used to remove supra gingival calculus ( also called the Shepard hook)

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23
Q

Hoe scaler

A

Has a blade bent at 90degree angle

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24
Ultra sonic instruments
Typically used as an adjacent to manual scaling procedures
25
Periodontal knives (gingivectomy knives)
Used to remove tissue during periodontal surgery
26
Interdental knives ( interproximal)
Remove soft tissue interproximaly The Orban no. 1 and 2 very popular. Spear shaped,long narrow blades with cutting edges on both sides.
27
Surgical scalpels
( bard Parker scalpel) used for perio surgery. Also comes in disposable
28
Electro surgery
Set up consist of control box, foot operated on off control , terminal plate placed behind patient and another terminal plate that is a prob. Basically it carte rises. BURNS
29
Pocket marking pliers
To transfer measurement of pocket to outside tissue. When the beaks are pinched together the gingival tissue is perforated leaving small pin point markings.
30
Lasers
Have to be trained to use. Effecency is determined by the hard/ soft tissue
31
Uses of dental laser
* Sulcular debridement and laser curettage * Gingivectomy , gingivoplasty frenectomy * fibroma and other tumor removal * implant exposure * treatment of aphthous ulcers * tissue fusion eliminating the need for sutures * eliminates granulation tissue * biopsy * crown lengthening * control bleeding * osseous procedures
32
Benefits of lasers
- bloodless operations - minimal or no anesthesia - minimizes swelling - enhanced coagulation - minimizes healing time - reduces damage to surrounding tissue - reduces chance of infection - accuracy of cutting - reduces chair time - less fear and anxiety for patient
33
Purpose of scaling
To remove plaque calculus stains from surface of teeth.
34
Prophylaxis can be performed by
Dentist or hygienist
35
Scaling curettage and polishing procedure steps
1 examine oral cavity 2 use scalers and curettes to remove calculus and debris 3 polish teeth with prophy past 4 use dental tap and prophy past to clean the interproximal areas 5 then entire mouth is flossed and rinsed
36
Gingivectomy
Surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue that forms the periodontal pocket.
37
Gingivoplasty
Reshaping of the gingival tissue.
38
Periodontal flap surgery
Surgically separating the gingiva from the underlying tissue.
39
Osseous surgery
Removes defects in the bone cause by periodontal disease or other related conditions
40
Osteoplasty
RESHAPING of bone
41
Ostectomy
REMOVAL of bone
42
During subtractive osseous was surgery ( bone grafting) the bone is removed with
Chisels, rongers, files, dim and burrs and stones.
43
Autogenous ( autografts)
Bone exstracted from intra oral and extra oral sites.
44
Allogeneic ( allografts)
Between ppl of the same species
45
Allogeneic ( alloplastic grafts)
Various synthetic materials
46
Xenogeneic ( xenografts )
Different species cows or pigs
47
Frenumectomy
Removal of frenum
48
Periodontal dressing
Zinc oxide -euginal Non euginal Light cured And gelitin based materials
49
Noneugenol dressing
Less sinsitive
50
Dressing pack is kept for ? After surgery
One week
51
Coronal polishing is
Polishing of the clinical crown
52
For orthodontic appliances
Small rubber cup and pointed or tapered brush
53
Hypersensitive teeth
Very wet abrasive with a light stroke. Dry with cotton roll or swab
54
Green chromagenic bacterial stain
Use a solution of equal part 3% hydrogen peroxide and water.
55
Minor oral irritation
Avoid areas apply protective coating of lubricant
56
Intrinsic stains
Inside tooth structure
57
Extrinsic stains
Outside of tooth can be removed with scaling.
58
Exogeniouse
Originating from outside
59
Endogenous
Originating from inside
60
Catigories of intrinsic stains
Dental fluorosis - high constant of fluoride Pulp damage or non vital tooth-pulp damaged or removed Tetracycline stain- high concentrate of antibiotic tetracycline Metallic stain- insintric or exsentric.
61
Extrinsic stains
Yellow brown- poor hygeine Tobacco- Green stain- foun most in children bacteria or fungi Black line stain - Orange stain-chromagenic bacteria Chlorhexiden stain - prolonged use of chlorhexidene not perm. Can be removed with brushing.
62
Rate of abrasion
The time it takes to remove stains
63
Factors determining rate of abrasion
``` Speed of hand piece Pressure Amount of abrasive Type of abrasive Dryer the abrasive material the more abrasive they are. ```
64
Types of abrasives
Humectant retains moisture Zirconium- gold restoration Tin oxide - very fine uses on enamel and metallic Flour Pumice- not used on exposed dentin Chalk - mild Fluoride prophylaxis pastes - very popular fluoride is added
65
Dental hand piece for coronal polish
Low speed with prophy angle attachment
66
Rubber prophy cup
Natural or synthetic, natural are reseliant will not stain. Synthetic are tough n black n will stain
67
Prophy brush
Snap on screw on nylon or natural tapered or flat
68
Flar prophy cup about
1 to 2 mm
69
Dental tap ? Inches
12 to 18

Chpt 29 (1 decks)

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