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BLOCK 2 - Histology (Grace) > Cardiovascular Slides > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Slides Flashcards

1
Q

What typs of artery?

What type of stain?

A

Muscular artery (named artery/distributing artery)

  • Elastic stain

shows:

- t. intima undulating appearance

- distinct IEL

- t.media circularly arranged smooth m. (8-40 layers) - less visable

- distinct EEL

- elastic fibers in t. adventitia ,dense ct; (type I collagen, vasa vasorum + nerves)

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2
Q

What type of artery?

What type of stain?

A

Muscular artery (named artery/distributing artery)

  • H&E stain

shows:

- t. intima undulating appearance

- distinct IEL

- t.media circularly arranged smooth m. (8-40 layers)

- distinct EEL

- t. adventitia dense ct, type I collagen, elastic fibers; vasa vasorum + nerves

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3
Q

What type of artery?

What type of stain?

A

Elastic Artery (Conducting artery) = A

  • elastic stain

shows:

- thin t. intima (endothelial cells + subendothelial ct)

  • smooth m nuclei in t. media (40-70 layers elastic lamellae; Type III collagen)
  • t. adventitia (dense irregular ct)

CANNOT RECOGNIZE IEL/EEL

  • elastic does not stain well w. H&E
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3
Q

What type of vein?

What do arrows indicate?

A

Medium Vein

* arrows = VALVES

shows:

- t. intima endothelium + sparse subendo. CT; contain unidirectional VALVES

- t.media few layers of smooth m.

- t. adventitia = more developed that t. media

* valve malfunction = blood backflow to sm. veins = varicose veins

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3
Q

Tunica Adventitia

(contents)

A
  • Mainly collagen type I fibers + a few elastic fibers = loose network
    l- Contains nerves (nervi vascularis), vasa vasorum (vessel of vessels) & lymphatics
    - In smaller vessels, merges with surrounding connective tissue

Nutrient supply:

  • T. intima & inner half of the T. media from blood in the lumen
  • T. adventitia & the outer half of T. media from vasa vasorum
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4
Q

What type of vein?

A

MUSCULAR VEIN (Ex: VENA CAVA)

shows:

- t. intima endothelium + sparse subendo. CT; NO VALVES

- t.media circularly arranged layers of smooth m. + CT

- t. adventitia = more developed that t. media; longitudinal smooth m. bundles*

*Continuous “milking” of blood towards heart, against gravity

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5
Q

What type of Capillary?

Where is it located?

A

Sinusoid Capillary (Discontinuous capillaries)

  • location: spleen, liver*
  • basal lamina = discontinuous; no tight junctions; Gap junctions
  • Fenestrations = large openings

*(do NOT have 3 tunics; only endothelium + basal lamina)

- in sinusoids (spleen, liver, bone marrow)

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5
Q

Internal Elastic Lamina

A
  • *- Separates t. intima from t. media**
  • Fenestrated elastic membrane : diffusion of materials through the layers to reach underlying cells
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7
Q

What type of artery?

What is the arrow indicating?

A

Elastic artery

  • H&E stain

arrow = peripheral nerve (dots = sectioned axons); only in tunica adventitia

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8
Q

Identify the types of capillaries:

A

Left = CONTINUOUS

middle = FENESTRATED

right = SINUSOIDAL

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9
Q

What type of artery?

Identify 2 stains:

A

Elastic artery (Aorta):

Left = Elastic stain (elastic visiable –> t. media)

Right = H&E stain (smooth m. nuclei visable –> t. media)

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10
Q

What type of Capillary?

Where is it located?

A

Fenestrated Capillary (visceral capillaries)

  • location: choroid plexus*
  • basal lamina = continuous; tight junctions
  • Fenestrations = around cytoplasm of endothelial cells (some w. diaphragm)

*(do NOT have 3 tunics; only endothelium + basal lamina)

- peptide-secreting endocrine organs, kidney glomerulus, gut capillaries, etc.

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11
Q

What type of vein?

A

Small Vein

shows:

- t. intima endothelium + subendo. CT

- t.media few layers of smooth m., circular arrange.

- t. adventitia more developed than t. media

* Arteriole + Small Artery to the right

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13
Q

Vein or Artery?

A

VEIN

can see:

  • collapsed walls
  • t. intima extensions into lumen = VALVES
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14
Q

External Elastic Lamina (EEL)

A

- separates T. media from T. adventitia

  • feature of muscular arteries
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15
Q

What type of artery?

What type of stain?

A

Small artery

  • H&E stain

shows:

- t. intima endothelium + minimal subendo. CT

- IEL (not very visable with this stain)

- t.media 3-8 layers smooth m.; more developed than t. adv

  • NO distinct EEL

- t. adventitia, CT with Type I collagen

16
Q

Tunica Media

(contents)

A
  • Primarily circumferential layers of smooth muscles; secrete the ECM components of this layer
  • Interspersed with layers of overlapping elastic fibers, Type III collagen fibers and proteoglycans
18
Q

What type of artery?

What type of stain?

A

Muscular artery (named artery/distributing artery)

  • H&E stain

shows:

  • t. intima undulating appearance

- distinct IEL

- t.media circularly arranged smooth m. (8-40 layers)

- distinct EEL

- t.adventitia dense ct, type I collagen, elastic fibers; vasa vasorum + nerves

19
Q

What type of artery?

What type of stain?

A

Elastic Artery (Conducting artery)

  • elastic stain

shows:

- thin t. intima (endothelial cells + subendothelial ct)

- elastic filled t. media (40-70 layers; smooth m.; Type III collagen)

- t. adventitia (dense irregular ct); vasa vasorum + arteriole visable

CANNOT RECOGNIZE IEL/EEL (they are present)

20
Q

What are these 2 types of fibers?

Where are they found?

A

dark red = Myocardium fibers

pink = Purkinje fibers

found in the heart

PERKINJE:

  • modified cardiac tissue
  • conducting, NOT contracting
  • no intercalated discs; DO have gap junctions, FA, desmosomes
21
Q

Tunica Intima

(contents)

A

Endothelium

  • Simple squamous epithelium (endothelium) + basal lamina

Subendothelial CT

  • Loose CT (Type IV collagen, elastin and GS) + smooth muscles: for support
22
Q

What type of Capillary?

Where is it located?

A

Continuous Capillary (classical/somatic capillaries)

  • location: skeletal m.*
  • basal lamina = continuous w. tight junctions
  • Fenestrations = NONE

*(do NOT have 3 tunics; only endothelium + basal lamina)

- controls diffusion + transcytotic processes

23
Q

What type of artery?

What type of stain?

A

Arteriole (

  • Trichrome stain ??

shows:

- t. intima endothelium

- t.media 1-2 layers smooth m.

- t. adventitia = ill-defined; blends w surrounding CT

  • RBC in lumen
24
Q

Identify 3 types of tissues here:

Where is this located?

A

Heart tissue

25
Q

What type of vein?

What are arrows indicating?

A

Post Capillary Venuoles (High Endothelial Venuoles)

  • arrows = High cuboidal endothelium*
  • loosest junctional complexes; facilitate entry of immune cells from lumen into CT

(during inflammation or normal phenomenon in locations such as lymph nodes)

  • Inflammation: leukocyte exudation

Important in “homing effect” = HEV is site where lymphocytes enter a lymph node from circulation

26
Q

What type of capillary is this?

A

lymphatic capillary

start of lymphatic system = blind- ended lymphatic capillaries

  • empty into the circulation : (unidirectional) valves
  • Not present in Nervous tissue, Bone marrow and Cartilages
  • Impaired function = edema (ascitis in abdomen)
27
Q

What is this structure?

What are arrows indicating?

A

Lymph node

black arrows = afferent lymph entering

green arrows = efferent lymph exiting

BLOCK 2 - Histology (Grace) (10 decks)

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