22 Mobilization and Oxidation of Fatty Acids

Question 1

purpose of B-oxidation

Answer 1

to generate energy in ATP, from the oxidation of fatty acids during fasting

Question 2

products of B-oxidation

Answer 2

1 FAD(H)2, 1 NADH, 1 Acetyl CoA, and Fatty acyl CoA that’s 2 carbons shorter

Question 3

B-oxidation in a nutshell and what it involves

Answer 3

the breakdown of fatty acyl CoA to Acetyl CoA by removing 2 carbons at a time,
involves fatty acid activation and transport of fatty acylCoA from cytosol into mitochondrial matrix

Question 4

fatty acid substrates for B-oxidation come from where?

Answer 4

these fatty acids mainly come from fat tissue stores (adipose tissue)

Question 5

How do these fatty acid substrates get to the mitochondria

Answer 5

adipose tissue TAGs release FAs, and transport to tissues bound to albumin. once at cells, FA binding protein transports FAs across plasma membrane and binds to them in cytosol. Activated Fatty acyl

Question 6

How are Fatty acyl CoAs, activated fatty acids, transported across the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix?

Answer 6

NLL

Question 7

last round of B-oxidation in even chain fatty acids (typical ones)

Answer 7

yields a 4 carbon Fatty acyl CoA, butyryl CoA, Its cleavage produces 2 Acetyl CoA, both 2 carbons

Question 8

last round of B-oxidation in odd chain fatty acids

Answer 8

yields a 5 carbon Fatty acyl CoA, its cleavage produces Propionyl CoA, a 3 carbon molecule, and Acetyl CoA, a 2 carbon one.

Question 9

what happens to propionyl CoA, product of odd chain fatty acid oxidation?

Answer 9

propionyl CoA is converted to succinyl CoA, used as an anaplerotic reaction for the TCA cycle or as a precursor for gluconeogenesis

Question 10

tissues which don’t use fatty acids as fuel

Answer 10

the Brain does not, it prefers ketone bodies if it can’t get glucose, Red blood cells- don’t have mitochondria, and Adipose tissue, rely on glycolysis for energy, its main job is to store FAs as TAGs