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Science > Energy Resources > Flashcards

Energy Resources Flashcards

0
Q

What is the definition of Energy Transformation?

A

A change from one form of energy to another is called energy transformation, or an energy conversion.

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1
Q

What is the definition of fuel.

A

A substance that provides energy- such as heat, light, motion, or electricity- as a result of a chemical change.

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2
Q

What is the definition of Combustion?

A

The burning of a fuel.

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3
Q

What is the definition of fossil fuel?

A

Or the energy-rich substances formed from the remains of organisms. The three major fossil fuels our coal, oil, and natural gas.

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4
Q

What is the definition of hydrocarbon?

A

Are chemical compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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5
Q

What is the definition of petroleum?

A

Another name for oil, liquid fossil fuel.

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6
Q

What is the definition of Refinery?

A

Factory in which crude oil is heated and separated into fuels and other products.

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7
Q

What is the definition of petrochemical?

A

Compounds that are made from oil. They are used to make plastics, paints, medicines, and cosmetics.

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8
Q

What is the definition of solar energy?

A

Energy from the sun.

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9
Q

What is the definition of hydroelectric power?

A

Electricity produced by flowing water.

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10
Q

What is the definition of biomass fuels?

A

Would belongs to a group of fuels called biomass fuels, which are made from living things.

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11
Q

What is the definition of gasohol?

A

Adding the alcohol to a gasoline is called gasohol.

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12
Q

What is the definition of geothermal energy?

A

Intense heat from Earth’s interior that one’s magma.

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13
Q

What are the two forms energy resources come in?

A

Renewable and nonrenewable.

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14
Q

What is nonrenewable resources?

A

They are gone once they are used up.

thousands of years to reform.

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15
Q

What provides most of the energy we use today?

A

Fossil fuels

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16
Q

What are fossil fuels formed from?

A

The remains of organisms.

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17
Q

The 3 types of fossil fuels.

A

Coal
Oil
Natural gas

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18
Q

Coal

A
  • formed from plant remains

* must be mined from the ground

19
Q

Oil

A
  • liquid fossil fuel

* formed from small animals, algae, and other organisms that lived in the sea millions of years ago.

20
Q

Natural Gas

A
  • mixture of methane and other gases.

* forms from some of the same organisms as oil.

21
Q

What is renewable resources?

A
  • constantly being supplied

* scientists are looking for ways to use these resources to meet our energy needs.

22
Q

What are the six renewable resources?

A 
Solar Energy
Hydroelectric power
Wind power
Biomass fuels 
Geothermal energy
Hydrogen power
23
Q

What is the last energy source?

A

Nuclear energy

24
Q

Fossil fuels are something that we…

A

Pump or dig up.

25
Q

When energy is stored it is called…

A

Potential energy

26
Q

When energy is moving we call it…

A

Kinetic energy

27
Q

Solar energy

A
  • comes from the sun
  • is the source either directly or indirectly of most renewable energy sources.
  • earth receives enough solar energy each day to power the earth for 40 years.
28
Q

Hydroelectric power:

A
  • power produced by flowing water.
  • a dam built across a river blocks the flow of water and creates a reservoir.
  • when the dam control gates open, water flows through tunnels turning turbines that are connected to generators.
  • generators create electricity.
29
Q

Wind power:

A
  • wind can be used to turn a turbine and generate electricity.
  • wind is a major source of power in places where it is difficult to transport fuel.
30
Q

Biomass fuels:

A

• made from living things
~ Ex: wood, leaves, food waste, manure.
• alcohol can be added to gasoline, methane created by bacteria can heat buildings, etc.

31
Q

Geothermal energy:

A

• water is heated by magma( melted rock) under earths surface.

32
Q

Hydrogen power:

A

• pure hydrogen burns cleanly, creates no smog or acid rain, and exists on earth in large supply.

33
Q

Nuclear power:

A
  • comes from splitting the the nucleus of atoms.
  • about 20% of the US and more than 70% of France’s energy comes from nuclear power.
  • the heat released by splitting atoms is used to change water into steam. This steam turns turns a turbine to generate electricity.
34
Q

What is solar energy’s problem?

A
  • figuring out how to store and use this power.
35
Q

What is hydroelectric energy’s problem?

A
  • most rivers have already been dammed and dams can have a negative affect on the environment.
36
Q

What is wind power’s problem?

A
  • few places have steady winds.
37
Q

What is Biomass fuels problem?

A
  • takes time to regrow trees that have been cut down and producing alcohol and methane in large quantities is expensive.
38
Q

What is Geothermal energy’s problem?

A
  • only a few places have magma close enough to earths surface. Deep drilling is expensive.
39
Q

What is Hydrogen powers problem?

A
  • mostly combined with oxygen in water on earth. It takes more energy to obtain the hydrogen than is produced by burning it.
40
Q

Two ways to preserve our current energy resources.

A

1) increase the efficiency of our energy use.

2) reduce energy use.

41
Q

What is left over energy usually lost as?

A

Heat

42
Q

What is efficiency?

A

The percentage of energy actually used.

43
Q

How to increase efficiency?

A

1) insulation to trap heat loss.
2) better light bulbs
3) better car tires and engines
4) refuse the number of cars on the road.

44
Q

How to reduce energy use?

A

1) ride a bike or walk instead of driving.
2) Recycle!!
3) use a fan instead of air conditioning.

Science (17 decks)

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