Unit 7 (Organic Compounds) Hydrocarbons Flashcards
What is Organic Chemistry?
The study of Carbon containing compounds
How many bonds does carbon have?
4 single bonds
2 single and 1 double
1 single and 1 triple
How many bonds does Hydrogen have?
One single bond
How many bonds does Oxygen have?
2 single bonds or 1 double bond
How many bonds does Nitrogen have?
3 single bonds
How many bonds does F, Cl, Br, and I have?
1 single bond
What is a functional group?
Is an atom, group of atoms, or bond that is present in each molecule of a class of compounds.
What is a Hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon is a compound composed entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
What are Hydrocarbons classified as…?
Hydrocarbons are classified as aromatic compounds (containing benzene rings) and Aliphatics (all other hydrocarbons)
What is an Alkane?
An Alkane is a saturated hydrocarbon composed entirely of single bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms
What is the Molecular Formula for all Alkanes?
CnH2n+2 (n= the # of carbon atoms)
What does the MOLECULAR formula show?
The kinds and # of each type of atom in a molecule
ex. C4H10, Butane
What does the EXPANDED structural formula show?
It shows each atom and all bonds
What does the CONDENSED structural formula show?
It shows all atoms and places them in sequential order
Ex. Butane (CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3)
What does the LINE formula show?
a line, in which a carbon atom is understood to be at every intersection of the lines
What is the Molecular, Condensed Structural and Alkyl Group for METHANE?
Molecular- CH4
Condensed Structural- CH4
Alkyl Group- CH3
What is the Molecular, Condensed Structural and Alkyl Group for Ethane?
Molecular-C2H6
Condensed Structural-CH3CH3
Alkyl Group- CH2CH3
What is the Molecular, Condensed Structural and Alkyl Group for Propane?
Molecular- C3H8
Condensed Structural- CH3(CH2)CH3
Alkyl Group-
Propyl-CH2CH2CH3 and
Isopropyl-CH3CHCH3
What is the Molecular and Condensed Structural Formula for Butane?
Molecular-C4H10
Condensed Structural-CH3(CH2)2CH3
What is the Molecular and Condensed Structural Formula for Pentane?
Molecular-C5H12
Condensed Structural-CH3(CH2)3CH3