MTB - Pediatrics - Newborns 1

Question 1

Normal RR and HR in a Newborn?

Answer 1

RR 40-60

HR 120-160

Question 2

APGAR scoring? (Score of 1 in each category means?)

Answer 2

(Each can be 0, 1, 2 points)

Color (1 if blue extremities)
Pulse (1 if 60-100)
Grimace (1 if Grimace/feeble cry)
Activity (1 if some flexion)
Respiration (1 if weak/irregular)

Question 3

Conjunctivitis at day 1?

2-5?

7-14?

21+?

Answer 3

Chemical irritation

Neisseria gonorrhoease

Chlamydia

HSV

Question 4

All newborns get what eye care? To prevent? (which is caused by?)

Answer 4

#erythromycin OR tetracycline ointment
#Silver nitrate solution

Ophthalmia neonatorum aka neonatal conjunctivitis (gonorrhoeae of chlamydia)

Question 5

Bleeding in a newborn without prenatal care - suspect? Mechanism?

prevent with?

Answer 5

Vit K deficiency; Not enough E coli to make vitamin K

Shot for Vit K

Question 6

All newborns must be tested for?

Answer 6

#Biotinidase
#Beta-thalassemia
#CAH
#Cystic fibrosis
#Thyroid disease
#Galatosemia
#Homocysteinuria
#PKU

Question 7

PKU - genetics? Treatment?

Answer 7

autosomal recessive

diet low in phenylalanine

Question 8

Galactosemia - treatment?

Answer 8

Cut out lactose

Question 9

CAH - genetics? Treatment?

Answer 9

Autosomal recessive

Replace mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids

Question 10

Cretinism?

Answer 10

Congential hypothyroidism

Question 11

Cystic fibrosis - best initial test? most accurate test?

Answer 11

Sweat cholride

Genetic analysis of CFTR

Question 12

Which newborns get Hep B Immunoglobulin?

Answer 12

if mother is HBs-Ag positive

Question 13

Newborn with increased RBCs - suspected diagnosis? PE finding? mechanism?

Answer 13

Transient polycythemia of the newborn

splenomegaly

Hypoxia during delivers increases erythropoeitin

Question 14

Newborn with episode of tachycardia - suspected diagnosis? Caused by? Suspect something else if?

Answer 14

transient tachypnea of the newborn

Fluid not cleared from lungs in C-SECTION babies

Tachycardia lasts over 4 hours (work up for sepsis)

Question 15

Newborn is tachycardic iwth irritability, elevated temperatures and feeding problems - next step?

Answer 15

#LP
#urine/blood cultures

Question 16

Physiological jaundice mechanism?

Answer 16

Spleen removing RBCs with Hgb F

Question 17

Newborn with subjuctival hemorrhage - mechanism? treatment?

Answer 17

from increased intrathoracic pressure from birth

no treatment

Question 18

Newborn skull fractures - most common? Most fatal? Can cause further cortical damage?

Answer 18

Linear

Basilar

Depressed

Question 19

Swelling of newborns scalp that crosses suture lines?

That does NOT cross suture lines?

Treatment?

Answer 19

Caput succedaneum

Cephalohematoma (periosteal hemorrhage)

None

Question 20

Newborn palsies associated with diabetic mother?

Answer 20

Brachial palsies (Erb’s and Klumpke’s)

Question 21

Infant unable to abduct shoulder or externally rotate arm - suspected diagnosis? Make diagnosis by? Treatment?

Answer 21

Erb’s (waiter’s tip) palsy

Clinical diagnosis (no imaging)

Immobilization