Alpha 2 agonist

Question 1

Detomidine

Answer 1

• mostly horses but other production animals too
• dose dependent analgesia for moderate pain
• dose dependent sedation, CV and resp effects
• more potent than xylazine
• doesnt last very long
• initially get a bp increase because of vasoconstriction but then get bradycardia
• animals may look heavily sedated but they still respond to external stimuli and act out because of it. this effect will be reduced if add an opioid (butorphanol)

Question 2

Dexmedetomidine

Answer 2

• in small animals
• most a2 specific
• used for minor procedures or preanesthetic
• used for somatic and visceral analgesia
• twice as potent as medetomidine
• dose dependent CNS depressant and muscle relaxation
• ceiling effect of analgesia and further increasing the dose will just prolong sedation
• bradycardia, vasoconstriction, resp depression, hypothermia
• pain on IM injection
• sedative effects last longer than analgesia

Question 3

Medetomidine

Answer 3

• small mammals
• used for minor surgeries that don’t require muscle relaxation or intubation
• visceral or somatic analgesia
• dose dependent CNS depression, muscle relaxation
• bradycardia, vasoconstriction, resp depression, hypothermia
• pain on IM injection

Question 4

Romifidine

Answer 4

• horses, dogs and cats
• clinical exams and procedures, minor surgeries and preanesthetic
• dose dependant muscle relaxation and analgesia
• longest duration of sedation
• sedative effects last longer than analgesia
• horses have profound heart modifications
• lots of side effects

Question 5

Xylazine

Answer 5

• least a2 specific
• used for somatic and visceral analgesia
• dose dependent muscle relaxation and analgesia
• sedative effects last longer than analgesia