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Chemistry > Chapter 14 Acids > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Acids Flashcards

0
Q

Bases

A

Taste bitter
Have a slippery feel
Turn red litmus paper blue

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1
Q

Acids have/are/able

A

A sour taste
To dissolve many metals
Turn blue litmus paper red

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2
Q

Arrhenius acids and bases

A

1880s model
Acid- an acid produces H+ ions in aqueous solution
Base- a base produces OH- ions in an aqueous solution

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3
Q

Bronsted-Lowry definition

A

1923
Acid- an acid is a proton donor (H+ ion)
Base- a bad is a proton acceptor (H+ ion)

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4
Q

Proton donors and acceptors always occur

A

Together

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5
Q

An amphoteric substance can

A

Act as an acid or base

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6
Q

A conjugate acid-base pair are

A

Two substances related to each other by the transfer of a proton.

Basically the one the aftermath of losing or gaining an electron.

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7
Q

In an acid base reaction, a ___ accepts a proton and becomes a conjugate _____. An _______ donated a proton and becomes a conjugate ________.

A

Base
Acid
Acid base

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8
Q

Neutralization reaction reactant->products

A

Acid+base—> water + salt
Or if HCl and carbonates
Acid + base ——-> water +gas + salt

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9
Q

Acid reaction, acid and metal reactants

A

Acid+ metal—-> gas + salt

It breaks down the metals into a salt with the hydrogen forming H2

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10
Q

Some metals ___ ____ react with acids for instance _____

A

Do not readily

Gold

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11
Q

Acid and a metal oxide reaction

A

Acid+metal oxide (K2O)—–> water and salt

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12
Q

Titration

A

Is when you react a substance in a solution of known concentration with another substance in a solution of an unknown concentration.

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13
Q

Equivalence point

A

The point at titration when the number of miles of OH- adored equals the number of moles of H+ originally in the solution- is when the titration is complete.

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14
Q

Indicator

A

Is a dye that indicates acidity of the solution.

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15
Q

Acids and bases can be categorized as ____ or ____

A

Strong

Weak

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16
Q

Strong acids ______ ionize in a _____

A

Completely

Solution

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17
Q

Double arrow indicates

A

Partial ionization

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18
Q

[H3O+] =

A

1.0 Molarity/concentration

19
Q

Strong acids are (strong/weak) electrolytes

A

Strong

20
Q

Monoprotic acids

A

Contain only one ionizable proton (H)

21
Q

Diprotic acid is

A

An acid that contains two ionizable protons (H2)

22
Q

Weak acids (do/do not) completely ionize in the solution

A

Do not

23
Q

Double arrow indicates

A

Partial ionization

24
Q

Weak acids are

A

Weak electrolytes

25
Q

The degree to which an acid is strong or weak depends on the attraction between the anion and the H+

A

Internalize

26
Q

A strong attraction between the anion and cation of the acid results in ______ ionization

A

Partial

27
Q

A weak attraction between the cation and the anion results in ______ ionization

A

Complete

28
Q

In terms of molarity a strong acid will have an ____ concentration of H3O while in weak acids the concentration will be ____ than the general molarity

A

Equal

Less

29
Q

Weak acids make _____ strong bases while strong acids make _____ bases

A

Strong

Weak

30
Q

Strong base
[OH-] =
[Na+]=

A
  1. 0 M
  2. 0 M

1 to 1 ratio for the given molarity

31
Q

Amphoteric

A

Means that the substance can act as an acid or a base

32
Q

Product constant for water =

A

Kw

33
Q

Kw= [H3O+][OH-]

25C

A

1.0E-14

34
Q

In a neutral solution

A

1.0E10-7

35
Q

In an acidic solution [H3O+]_[OH-]

A

H3O+]>[OH-]

36
Q

In a basic solution H3O+]_[OH-]

A

H3O+]<[OH-]

37
Q

Ph scale is to _____ while POH scale is to ______

A

Acids

Bases

38
Q

To calculate PH or POH from Molarity of the respective acid or base simply use _____

A

-log(H3O)= PH
Or
-log(OH) = PH

39
Q

To find H3O or OH Molarity from a PH or POH value, simply______

A

10^-PH
Or
10^-POH

40
Q

The some of PH and POH are always __, therefore a solution with 3 PH will have ___ POH

A

14

11

41
Q

Buffers

A

Resist PH changes

42
Q

A buffer reaction is similar to a

A

Neutralization reaction

43
Q

The difference between normal neutralization and a buffer is

A

That buffers are almost entirely comprised of an acid and base mixture with little neutral volume

44
Q

To neutralize a buffer, you must add either ____ acid or _____ more base then the literal amount if the buffer

A

More

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Chemistry (18 decks)

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