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ANSC Exam 2 > Poultry > Flashcards

Poultry Flashcards

1
Q

What type of industry are poultry

A

vertically integrated

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2
Q

top state for broiler production

A

Georgia

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3
Q

Meat producers as pertains to chickens

A

chickens for meat: broiler

  1. emphasis placed on ratio of feed: meat produced
  2. usually commercial crosses
    - -white plymouth rock females X cornish males
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4
Q

Broiler supply chain (6 steps)

A
  1. chick
  2. pullet farm
    - -grown to 20 weeks
  3. breeder farm
    - -pullets begin laying at 26 weeks
  4. hatchery
    - -eggs are here for 21 days
  5. broiler farm
  6. processing
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5
Q

Hatchery

A

eggs stored from 1-10 days prior being set in incubator

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6
Q

how long does it take for chickens to hatch

A

21 days

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7
Q

how long does it take for turkeys and ducks to hatch

A

28 days

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8
Q

Once chicks hatch what happens

A
  1. vaccinate
  2. debeaked
  3. wing banding
  4. comb clipping
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9
Q

Typical chicken farm

A
  1. 160 acres
  2. 3 to 4 houses
  3. 64 thousand to 70,000 birds per barn
  4. 6.5 per year turnover per house
  5. total production per annum: 400,000-450,000
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10
Q

Why are broilers housed in confinement

A
  1. protection
  2. disease control
  3. efficiency of land and labor
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11
Q

what are broilers fed

A

corn and soybean ration to finish weight

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12
Q

how long does it take for broilers to reach market

A

47 days

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13
Q

Market weight of broilers

A

5.8 lbs

Feed:gain ration–1.91

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14
Q

mortality percentage

A

3.8%

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15
Q

what is a capon

A

castrated rooster

castrated at 3-4 weeks and finished at 18 weeks

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16
Q

Average live weight of chickens

A

5.7 lbs

dressing percentage 75-85% 4.2-4.8 lbs

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17
Q

Processing percentages

A

whole 11%
cut up parts 41%
further processed 48%

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18
Q

top processors for chickens

A
  1. tyson
  2. pilgrims pride
  3. Gold’n Plump
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19
Q

What is unique about the turkey

A

only meat animal to be domesticated in America

20
Q

White turkeys

A

derived from native wild turkey species

most common for meat production

21
Q

bronze turkeys in meat production

A

less common

22
Q

top 3 turkey production states

A
  1. Minnesota
  2. North Carolina
  3. Missouri
23
Q

Top company for turkey

A

butterball

24
Q

For turkey hens: how long does it take to reach 15 to 16 pounds?

A

14 weeks

25
Q

Tom takes 18 weeks to reach what weight?

A

33 pounds

26
Q

how many pounds of feed does it take to raise a 30 pound turkey

A

75-80 pounds

27
Q

Live turkey weight

A

18 pounds

DP: 85-88%

28
Q

Duck production states

A
  1. Indiana
  2. California
  3. Pennsylvania
29
Q

Breeds of ducts and their characteristics

A

Pekin

  1. market ready 7-9 weeks
  2. 6-7 lbs
  3. consume 20-25 lbs of feed

Rouens and Muscovy

  1. may take up to 5 months
  2. small flocks
  3. graze
30
Q

Where are goslings raised

A

indoors

started on chick starter

31
Q

how long are geese are put on range

A

14-24 weeks

32
Q

what is Pate/Foie gras

A

fatty liver from geese- happens naturally for migration

33
Q

Ratites

A

large flightless birds

34
Q

game birds

A

guinea fowl
pheasants
quail
partridges

35
Q

Number 1 state in egg production

A

Iowa

36
Q

What are layers

A

chickens raised to produce eggs

some lay over 300 eggs per year

37
Q

White egg producers

A

small in size

white leg horns

38
Q

brown eggs

A

larger birds
not as economical
rhode island reds

39
Q

Laying Hens:

  1. how long are they grown
  2. when do they lay eggs
  3. when do they reach peak egg production
A
  1. grown in cages until 16-17 weeks old
  2. lay at 18 weeks
  3. reach peak production within 4-6 weeks
40
Q

4 types of housing

A
  1. Conventional
  2. Enriched Colony
  3. Cage-free
  4. Organic
41
Q

Conventional housing

A
  1. 6-8 hens per cage
  2. clean safe eggs
  3. monitor groups
  4. fewer inputs
42
Q

Enriched colony housing

A
  1. enhance areas such as perches, nesting boxes, scratch areas
  2. twice the space as conventional
43
Q

Cage free housing

A

exhibit natural behaviors
more feed, less eggs
higher motality

44
Q

top 5 egg processing companies

A 
1. Cal-Maine
2 Rose acre Farms
3. Moarck LLC
4. Sparboe farms
5. renbrandt enterprises
45
Q

Total number of laying hens in the US

A

283 million

46
Q

what percentage of eggs were sold retail

A

57.8%

47
Q

what percent of eggs were exported

A

3.1%

ANSC Exam 2 (4 decks)

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