Health Ch 10 Flashcards
pharmacology
the study of drugs
specialties: pharmacognosy, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutics
pharmacy
“pharmakon” greek; means medicine or drug
sources of drugs
natural sources: plants and animals
microscopic organisms: bacteria, fungi, mold
synthetics and bioengineering
pharmacognosy
The study of drugs that are naturally derived from plants or animals
Egyptians: 1st herbal medicine 1500 BC
Plants main source of medicine 1900s
Penicilin
1928
Sir Alexander Fleming
medicinal chemistry
modifies natural products by producing them synthetically or by creating new products based on natural products
injection=>oral, inhale, or topical
every 4 hours=> once a day
ex: aspirin; from bark, now synthetic
genetically altered bacteria produce drugs; used to be only from animals
1st drug: insulin
pharmacotherapeutics
examines MOA
describes effects
what dose is needed for desired effect
what does produce toxic effect
antagonists
blockers
anabolic enzyme
play constructive role in body
catabolic enzyme
play destructive role in body
epinephrine
hormone
adrenaline
Onset of Action
the time needed before a drug takes effect
sublingual
tablet placed under the tongue
several minutes
when rapid effects are needed
buccal
tablet placed in cheek
several minutes
when effects of digestion must be avoided
rectal
suppository, cream, or ointment
15-30 min
for local effect or when client can’t take oral medication