2A- Hard and soft tissues radiographs Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 2A- Hard and soft tissues radiographs Deck (27)
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1
Q

What is another word for a shadow picture?

A

Skiagram

2
Q

What is the source of X-rays?

A

an x ray tube, electrons hit a target of tungsten

3
Q

What metal do the electrons hit?

A

Tungsten

4
Q

When a high voltage is applied, what does it fo?

A

Produces x-rays photons (packets of energy)

5
Q

What are the 2 types of receptors for x-ray imaging?

A
  1. Film (analogue)

2. Digital detector

6
Q

What is the key to imaging?

A

Differential absorption of x-rays in different tissues

7
Q

What 3 things determine how many x-rays can be absorbed by a material?

A
  1. Atomic number
  2. Density
  3. Thickness
8
Q

What is radiolucency?

A

Most of the x-rays pass through the structure and hit the receptor (dark image)

9
Q

What is radiopaque?

A

Most x-rays are absorbed by the structure, less hit the receptor (light image)

10
Q

What is the socket of the tooth called?

A

Lamina Dura

11
Q

What is hypercementosis?

A

Excessive build up of cementum on the roots of the tooth

12
Q

What can you use to differentiate between soft tissues?

A

a ct scan

13
Q

What is CT scanning?

A

Computed tomography, uses higher energy x-rays with more sensitive detectors

14
Q

Does fat absorb more or fewer x-rays than soft tissues?

A

Fat absorbs fewer x-rays

15
Q

Name the 2 types of intra-oral radiographs and their uses

A
  1. Bitewing radiographs - For caries diagnosis, and showing periodontal bone
  2. Periapical radiographs - For periapical diagnosis
16
Q

Name the 3 types of extra-oral radiographs and their uses?

A
  1. Panoramic Radiography- shows developing dentition and large abnormalities.
  2. Cephalometric Radiography - primarily orthodontic planning
  3. Cone Beam Computed Technology - Simple form of CT scan
17
Q

What errors can panoramic radiographs lead to?

A

Very sensitive to mistakes, leads to an inncorrect horizontal magnification

18
Q

What are the main uses of panoramic radiographs?

A
  • To check for large abnormalities

- Identifying the presence and position of developing dentition

19
Q

What are the initial signs of the tooth?

A

A radiolucent cyst

20
Q

What do you call extremely radiopaque bone?

A

Osteopetrosis

21
Q

What do you call vary radiolucent bone?

A

Hyperparathyroidism

22
Q

What is dental caries?

A

The demineralisation of enamel and dentine

23
Q

Where does calcification appear?

A

At the tip of cusps or incisal edges

24
Q

What is hyperdontia?

A

Extra teeth

25
Q

What is hypodontia?

A

Missing teeth

26
Q

What 3 things can be done to ensure radiation protection?

A
  1. Justification - only use radiology if it will help
  2. Radiation does limitation
  3. Quality Assurance, no repeat
27
Q

How far should you stand from the patient when taking x-rays?

A

1.5 metres