2B Sleep Apnea

Question 1

Reduction in heart rate and bp

Answer 1

10 percent

Question 2

Stages of sleep with percentages

Answer 2

2: 50 percent
3/4: 30 Percent
REM: 20 percent

Question 3

Largest sleep stage (N)

Answer 3

N2 (50 percent)

Question 4

What N sleep stage decreases most with age

Answer 4

N3

Question 5

How many sleep cycles per night

Answer 5

4-5

Question 6

Sleep deprivation prevalence

Answer 6

1/5 adults

Question 7

Sleepy snorer has this syndrom

Answer 7

Upper Airway resistance syndrom

Question 8

Apnea Definition

Answer 8

Cessation of airflow for more than 10 seconds

Question 9

Hypopnea Defintion

Answer 9

Decreased airflow(30-50%) equal or greater than 10 seconds associated with O2 desaturation or arousal

Question 10

Apnea-Hypopnea Index

Answer 10

(Apnea + Hypopnea)/hrs sleep

Question 11

AHI categories

Answer 11

Normal: Less than 5
Mild: 5-14
Moderate: 15-30
Severe: greater than 30

Question 12

OSAS defintion

Answer 12

AHI greater than 5 PLUS
daytime hypersomnolence (sleepy not just tired)

Question 13

Epworth sleepiness scale

Answer 13

0-10 normal
10-12 borderline
12-24 abnormal

Question 14

What percentage of middle age adults have OSAS in western countries

Answer 14

5 percent

Question 15

Causes of OSAS

Answer 15

Anatomic airway narrowing
Sleep induced loss of muscle tone
Insufficient dilator muscle contraction

Question 16

Snoring velocity and pressure

Answer 16

Increased velocity (results in snoring)
Decreased pressure (results in airway collapse)

Question 17

Risk of fatal event with mild OSA

Answer 17

2X

Question 18

Metabolic syndrom

Answer 18

Insulin resistance
High BP
Obesity

Question 19

Primary cause of OSA in 2-8 year olds

Answer 19

tonsils and adenoids

Question 20

Pediatric vs adult OSA

Answer 20

Pediatric: NO daytime sleepiness but very irritable

Question 21

Most common cause of Excessive daytime sleepiness

Answer 21

Chornic insufficient sleep

Question 22

Questionaire model

Answer 22

Snoring
Tired
Observed stopped breathing
Pressure (blood pressure)
BMI
Age
Neck circumference 
Gender

Question 23

Oral appliance for sleep apnea

Answer 23

For mild and moderate

OR advanced when they refuse CPAP

Question 24

Effectiveness

Answer 24

Efficacy X compliance = Mean Disease Alleviation