2ND-5TH REPUBLIC

Question 1

What happened during the american colonization

Answer 1

Common wealth gpvernment
The 1935 constitution

Question 2

When was the common wealth government

Answer 2

November 15 1935

Question 3

What happened during the commonwealth government

Answer 3

• tydings mcduffie act/the philippine independence act
• “transition to full independence” 10 years (1935-1945)
• filipinos needed to prove they could handle a democratic government during the 10 year transition period

Question 4

How did the 1935 constitution come into place?

Answer 4

• US congress authorized its creation in accordance with the tydings mcduffie act
• based on the american model, ratified by US president Roosevelt

Question 5

What are salient features of the 1935 constitution?

Answer 5

• BICAMERAL LEGISLATURE composed of a senate house of representatives
• president is to be elected to a 4 year term together with the vp without re-election
• right of suffrage by male citizens of the Philippines (21+, able to read and write)
• extension of right of suffrage to women within 2 years after the adoption of the constitution

Question 6

What happened before the philippines’ full independence?

Answer 6

The japanese occupation and the second republic

Question 7

When did the japanese occupation occur?

Answer 7

On December 8 1941 when WWII broke out, the japanese tried to invade the philippines

Question 8

What happened when the Japanese tried to invade the philippines?

Answer 8

• President Manuel L Quezon fled to the US along with his cabinet members
• while the president was on exile, the commonwealth gov functioned to represent the country continually outside the country
• prime minister Hideki Tojo promised independence to the philippines
• Dr. Jose P. Laurel - elected by the national assembly as president

Question 9

What happened after the Japanese occupation?

Answer 9

• The birth of the second republic and independence day (october 14 1943)
• the US dropped atomic bombs in Japan (1945)
• POTSDAM declaration: Japan surrendered to allied forces

Question 10

When was the post colonial philippines?

Answer 10

July 4, 1946

Question 11

Who were the presidents of the 3rd republic?

Answer 11

1. Manuel Roxas Sr. (1946-1948)
   dealt with challenge of rehabilitating the PH after WWII
2. Elpidio Quirino Sr. (1948-1953)
   policies to strengthen people’s confidence in the gov and the restoration of peace
3. Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957)
   prioritized the poor; enacted the land reform act to protect local farmers
4. Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961)
   ”filipino first” policy, focal point was to regain economic independence
5. Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965)
   enacted the agricultural land reform code (act established the land bank of the philippines)
6. Ferdinand Marcos Sr. (1965-1981)
   the government devised the construction program and irrigation projects; 1973 constitution

Question 12

When was the declaration of martial law

Answer 12

September 21 1972
(declared through proclamation 1081)

Question 13

What happened during the martial law

Answer 13

• opposers of the administration were jailed
• decree-making powers were asserted by the president
• 1973 constitution was ratified, marking the end of the 3rd republic and the beginning of the bagong lipunan
• “golden age” for corruption and human rights abuses

Question 14

Who were the presidents of the 4th republic?

Answer 14

1. Ferdinand Marcos Sr.
   proclamation 2425–lifted martial law,, caught for massive electoral fraud
2. Corazon C. Aquino
   1987 constitutuon,, restored democracy & presidential form of gov & bicameral congress

Question 15

What happened durijg the 4th republic?

Answer 15

• assassination of ninoy aquino
• the edsa people power revolution

Question 16

Who are the presidents of the 5th republic

Answer 16

1. Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998)
   former military,, liberalization of society,, defended spratlys against china
2. Joseph E. Estrada (1998-2001)
   pro-poor plaftorm,, “erap para sa mahirap”,, impeached through graft and corruption charges
3. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001-2004&2004-2010)
   served the unexpired term of estrada,, economic progress- creation of more job opportunities,, hello garci scandal
4. Beningo Simeon C. Aquino Jr. (2010-2016)
   established k-12 and 4Ps program,, “tuwid na daan” (anti-corruption),, south-china sea arbitration
5. Rodrigo R. Duteete (2016-2022)
   build build build program to increase economic activity,, free college education,, “war on drugs” + EJK,, red-tagging of activist, closure of ABS-CBN,, Pharmally and Philhealth Scandal

Question 17

What is the hello garci scandal