2nd Topic: Cell Theory

Question 1

______ is one of the basic principles of biology.

Answer 1

Cell Theory

Question 2

German scientists that were given credit for the formulation of the Cell Theory.

Answer 2

Theodor Schwann (1810–1882)
Matthias Schleiden (1804–1881)
Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902).

Question 3

The Cell Theory states:

Answer 3

• All living organisms are composed of cells. They may be unicellular or multicellular.
• The cell is the basic unit of life.
• Cells arise from pre-existing cells. (Omnis cellula e cellula)

Question 4

are the simplest unit of matter that is living.

Answer 4

Cells

Question 5

which lack a membrane-covered nucleus, and have their DNA located in a part of the cell called the nucleoid.

Answer 5

Prokaryotic cells,

Question 6

also referred to as “true bacteria” is the prokaryotic kingdom
that has been known for more than a hundred years, primarily because these are the bacteria that cause disease in human beings (also known as a pathogen).

Answer 6

Eubacteria Kingdom

Question 7

2 main type of cells

Answer 7

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 8

is a relatively new prokaryotic kingdom, and its organisms
differ from the eubacteria because of the environment in which they live.

Answer 8

Archaebacteria Kingdom

Question 9

_______ differ from almost all other forms of life because they can survive in extreme environments, such as at the bottom of sea vents or in acidic water.

Answer 9

Archae

Question 10

Major groups of Archaebacteria:

Answer 10

• Methanogenic archaebacteria, or methanogens
• Thermophile (thermoacidophile)
• Halophiles

Question 11

__________________ are an important group of microorganisms that produce methane as a metabolic by product under anaerobic condition

Answer 11

Methanogenic archaebacteria or Methanogens

Question 12

___________ is an extremophilic microorganism that is both thermophilic and acidophilic means it can grow under conditions of high temperature and low pH. The large majority of __________ are archaea or bacteria.

Answer 12

Thermophile (thermoacidophile)

Question 13

____________ are extremophiles that thrive in environments with very high concentrations of salt. In fact, the very name “_______” comes from the Greek word for “salt-loving. ”

Answer 13

Halophiles

Question 14

_________ are organisms whose cells possess a nucleus enclosed within a cell membrane.

Answer 14

Eukaryotic cells

Question 15

Eukaryotic cells include multicellular organisms such as_________

Answer 15

plants, protists, animals, and fungi.